Yuav nrhiav dab tsi thaum xaiv lub koob yees duab smartphone

2024 Tus sau: Malcolm Clapton | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:58

Tau ntau xyoo, cov neeg lag luam tau coj megapixels ua ntej hauv cov koob yees duab smartphone. Tab sis lub sijhawm tau los thaum qhov ntsuas no tau poob nws lub luag haujlwm qub. Lub neej hacker yuav qhia koj tias yam ntxwv zoo dua los saib thaum xaiv lub koob yees duab rau kev tua.

Vim li cas megapixels tsis tseem ceeb

Lo lus "megapixel" tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog ib lab pixels. Ntawd yog, lub koob yees duab 12-megapixel siv cov duab uas muaj 12 lab me me dots. Qhov ntau ntawm cov dots (pixels) hauv daim duab, qhov ntse dua nws zoo li, qhov siab dua nws qhov kev daws teeb meem.

Los ntawm qhov no peb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias lub koob yees duab nrog ntau tus megapixels tua tau zoo dua li qhov muaj tsawg dua. Tab sis nws tsis yog li ntawd.

Qhov teeb meem yog tias hnub no muaj ntau megapixels ntau dua li qhov xav tau. Cia peb xav txog cov ntxaij vab tshaus: FullHD TV muaj kev daws teeb meem ntawm 2.1 megapixels, thiab qhov tseeb 4K TV muaj kev daws teeb meem ntawm 8.3 megapixels. Xav txog tias lub koob yees duab ntawm yuav luag txhua lub xov tooj niaj hnub no tuaj yeem suav ntau dua 10 megapixels, cov lus qhia tsuas yog tsis tuaj yeem tso saib qhov kev daws teeb meem siab tag nrho.

Nws tsis zoo li koj yuav pom qhov sib txawv ntawm cov duab ntawm cov koob yees duab niaj hnub nrog ntau megapixel suav, txij li txawm tias cov ntxaij vab tshaus tshiab tsis txhawb cov kev daws teeb meem zoo li no.

Qhov tseeb, kev rhuav tshem lub cim 8.3 megapixel tuaj yeem pab tau yog tias koj npaj siab yuav qoob loo koj cov kev txhaj tshuaj. Hauv lwm lo lus, los ntawm kev thaij duab nrog lub koob yees duab 12MP, koj tuaj yeem txiav tawm ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm nws. Tib lub sijhawm, qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm daim duab tseem tuaj yeem nyob siab dua li ntawm 4K TV.

Tswv yim … Tsis txhob caum cov koob yees duab uas siab dua 12 megapixels. Cov nyiaj no yuav txaus nrog cov npoo, tshwj tsis yog tias koj yuav txiav cov duab rau hauv cov khoom tawg lossis hloov kho rau cov hom phiaj kev tshaj lij.

Pixel loj yog qhov tseem ceeb dua

Qhov kev ntsuas uas ua kom pom tseeb dua lub koob yees duab smartphone yog qhov loj pixel. Hauv cov npe dav dav ntawm cov yam ntxwv, nws tus lej lej tau qhia hauv micrometers ua ntej tus lej µm. Lub koob yees duab smartphone nrog lub pixel loj ntawm 1, 4µm yuav luag txhua zaus tua zoo dua lwm qhov nrog qhov loj ntawm 1, 0µm.

Yog tias koj zoom rau ntawm daim duab txaus, koj tuaj yeem pom tus kheej pixels hauv nws. Cov xim ntawm cov dots me me no yog txiav txim siab los ntawm lub teeb pom kev me me hauv lub xov tooj smartphone lub koob yees duab.

Cov sensors no tseem hu ua pixels, txij li txhua tus ntawm lawv ntes lub teeb rau cov pixel sib xws hauv daim duab. Yog li yog tias koj lub koob yees duab muaj 12 megapixels, nws muaj 12 lab lub teeb-sensitive pixels.

Txhua lub sensor ntes cov khoom ntawm lub teeb hu ua photons thiab siv lawv los txiav txim cov xim thiab qhov ci ntawm ib pixel hauv ib daim duab. Tab sis photons muaj zog heev thiab tsis yooj yim rau kev ntes. Piv txwv li, es tsis txhob xiav particle, lub sensor tuaj yeem ntes liab. Yog li ntawd, es tsis txhob pixel ntawm ib xim, ib qho taw tes ntawm lwm tus yuav tshwm sim ntawm daim duab.

Txhawm rau zam qhov tsis raug, lub teeb pom kev zoo pixel ntes tau ntau lub photons ib zaug, thiab software tshwj xeeb suav qhov tseeb ntxoov ntxoo thiab ci ntsa iab ntawm qhov taw tes ntawm daim duab kawg raws li lawv. Qhov loj dua ntawm thaj chaw pixel, ntau qhov photons nws tuaj yeem ntes tau, qhov tseeb dua cov xim hauv daim duab kawg yuav yog.

Tswv yim … Nres ntawm lub koob yees duab uas tsis ntau tshaj 12 megapixels. Tus lej loj dua yuam cov chaw tsim khoom kom txi pixel loj kom haum txhua yam hauv qhov chaw txwv. Thaum sib piv cov koob yees duab nrog tus lej sib npaug ntawm megapixels, xaiv ib qho nrog lub pixel loj dua.

Aperture

Lwm tus yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm lub koob yees duab uas yuav tsum tsis txhob tsis saib xyuas yog nws qhov aperture. Nws yog qhia los ntawm lub cim f faib los ntawm tus lej tus nqi. Piv txwv li: f / 2, 0. Txij li thaum f muab faib los ntawm tus lej, qhov me dua, qhov zoo dua qhov aperture.

Txhawm rau nkag siab lub ntsiab lus ntawm aperture, xav txog pixel loj. Qhov loj dua, qhov ntau lub teeb me me ntawm lub koob yees duab captures, qhov ntau yog qhov xim rendition. Tam sim no xav txog tias lub pixel yog lub thoob thiab cov photons yog raindrops. Nws hloov tawm hais tias lub thoob thoob (pixel), ntau tee (photons) poob rau hauv nws.

Lub aperture zoo li lub funnel rau lub thoob no. Nws sab qis yog tib txoj kab uas hla raws li lub thoob, tab sis sab sauv yog dav dua, uas yuav pab kom sau tau ntau dua. Raws li qhov piv txwv qhia, qhov dav aperture tso cai rau lub sensor kom ntes ntau lub teeb.

Ntawm chav kawm, hauv kev muaj tiag, tsis muaj funnel. Cov nyhuv no yog ua tiav los ntawm lub lens, uas lub koob yees duab ntes ntau lub teeb dua li nws cov pixels tuaj yeem ntes tau.

Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm qhov dav aperture yog tias nws tso cai rau lub koob yees duab tua tau zoo dua hauv cov teeb pom kev tsawg.

Thaum lub teeb me me dhau lawm, lub teeb-sensitive pixels yuav tsis ntes cov photons txaus. Tab sis qhov dav aperture daws qhov teeb meem no los ntawm kev qhib nkag mus rau ntau qhov hais.

Tswv yim … Nco ntsoov, tus lej qis txhais tau hais tias qhov dav aperture. Yog li xaiv cov koob yees duab nrog f / 2, 2 lossis qis dua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj nquag thaij duab hmo ntuj lossis sab hauv tsev.

Image Stabilization: EIS thiab OIS

Ntawm lwm cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub koob yees duab, koj tuaj yeem pom ob hom duab stabilization: optical - OIS (Optical Image Stabilization) thiab hluav taws xob - EIS (Electronic Image Stabilization).

Thaum lub koob yees duab sensor txav los ntawm tes co, OIS lub cev ua kom cov duab ruaj khov. Yog tias, piv txwv li, koj tab tom taug kev thaum thaij video, txhua kauj ruam feem ntau hloov txoj haujlwm ntawm lub koob yees duab. Tab sis OIS tswj xyuas qhov txheeb ze ntawm lub sensor, txawm tias koj co koj lub smartphone. Yog li ntawd, thev naus laus zis minimizes jitter hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab thiab plooj hauv cov duab.

Lub xub ntiag ntawm optical stabilization zoo heev ua rau tus nqi ntawm cov cuab yeej thiab xav tau ntau qhov chaw rau qhov chaw ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, es tsis txhob ntawm nws, hluav taws xob stabilization yog feem ntau nkag mus rau hauv smartphones, uas tsim ib tug zoo xws li cov nyhuv.

EIS cov qoob loo, ncab thiab hloov qhov kev xav ntawm tus kheej thav duab uas tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab. Qhov no tshwm sim hauv programmatically thiab twb nrog cov duab, yog li hluav taws xob stabilization tuaj yeem siv tau txawm tias cov clips kaw ntawm lub koob yees duab nrog OIS kom ua rau lawv zoo dua.

Los ntawm thiab loj, muaj lub koob yees duab OIS zoo dua. Tom qab tag nrho, kev ua hluav taws xob ntawm cov thav ntawv tuaj yeem txo qhov zoo thiab tsim hauv video. Tsis tas li ntawd, EIS yuav luag tsis txo qhov muag plooj hauv cov duab. Tab sis nws tsim nyog sau cia tias kev ruaj ntseg hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv txhim kho, uas lees paub qhov zoo ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab tua ntawm Google Pixel li.

Tswv yim … Yog tias koj ua tau, xaiv cov khoom siv kho qhov muag nrog kev ruaj ntseg, yog tias tsis yog, nres ntawm hluav taws xob. Tsis quav ntsej cov tshuab uas tsis txhawb OIS lossis EIS.