Yuav nrhiav dab tsi thaum xaiv lub lens yees duab

2024 Tus sau: Malcolm Clapton | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:58

Dab tsi yog aperture, optical stabilization, phau ntawv tsom, txoj kab uas hla thiab lwm yam ntxwv ntawm lub koob yees duab lens.

Cov koob yees duab digital tseem ua tau zoo tshaj qhov me me sensors ua rau hauv cov khoom siv txawb hauv ntau txoj hauv kev. Paub seb yuav nrhiav dab tsi thiab cov tuam txhab txawv li cas txhais cov haujlwm tib yam ua rau nws yooj yim dua rau xaiv optics.

Aperture

Lub lens aperture zoo ib yam li cov menyuam kawm ntawv - nws qhib ntau npaum li lub teeb uas xav tau kom ncav cuag lub koob yees duab sensor. Qhov siab tshaj plaws aperture yog qhia los ntawm tsab ntawv f. Nws tuaj yeem nyob ntawm f / 0.95 txog f / 22. Cov npe txawv - hloov f / 2.8, koj tuaj yeem pom 1: 2.8. Tab sis tus lej ib txwm qhia tib yam - qhov siab tshaj plaws aperture.

Tus lej qis dua, qhov dav ntawm lub lens yuav qhib thiab lub teeb ntau nws yuav tso tawm. Tsawg aperture optics tsim cov teebmeem bokeh haum rau portraits. Yog tias koj siv lub lens zoom, koj yuav pom qhov siab tshaj plaws aperture. Qhov ze koj zoom nyob rau hauv, qhov me me qhov siab tshaj plaws aperture.

Focal ntev

Lub focal ntev ntawm lub lens, uas yog, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov duab clearest mus rau lub koob yees duab sensor, yog qhia nyob rau hauv millimeters. Lub lens tsis muaj qhov loj me muaj ib tus lej, thaum cov uas tuaj yeem zoom hauv daim duab muaj ob tus lej, piv txwv li 18-55 mm.

Qhov luv luv ntawm qhov focal ntev, qhov loj dua ntawm cov duab thaij duab yuav poob rau hauv daim duab. Yog li, piv txwv li, lub kaum sab xis dav muaj qhov ntev ntawm qhov chaw ntawm 4.5 txog 30 hli. Daim duab no feem ntau yog qhia rau ntawm lub lens ib sab ntawm lub aperture.

Lub hom phiaj txoj kab uas hla

Lens cov ntxaij lim dej tuaj yeem siv los tshem tawm glare, hloov xim, lossis ua tiav cov teebmeem zoo nkauj. Tab sis ua ntej koj yuav tsum paub nws txoj kab uas hla. Nws ntsuas hauv millimeters - koj tuaj yeem pom nws nyob ib sab ntawm lub cim ø, uas qhia txog txoj kab uas hla. Feem ntau, daim duab no qhia nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub lens los yog engraved los ze zog mus rau sab saum toj ntawm sab uas lub lim yog txuas.

Auto lossis manual focus

Autofocus, uas tuaj yeem siv los ntawm lub cev muaj zog lossis lub cev muaj zog ultrasonic, ua kom cov ntsiab lus hauv kev ua kom pom tseeb yam tsis tau kho qhov tob ntawm qhov chaw. Yog tias koj pom optics nrog lub npe hloov npe AF / MF, koj tuaj yeem tig lub ntsej muag sai thiab tawm, nyob ntawm seb koj xav tau kev tswj kom pom tseeb.

Jargon manufacturers

Cov haujlwm nthuav dav feem ntau yog muab zais tom qab cov ntawv tshwj xeeb rau ib lossis lwm qhov chaw tsim khoom. Tab sis tsis txhob dag los ntawm acronyms - technologies feem ntau zoo tib yam thoob plaws cov tuam txhab.

Optical duab stabilization

Cov yam ntxwv no tuaj yeem ua rau hauv lub lens lossis lub koob yees duab nws tus kheej. Nws tiv thaiv kev vibrations thiab lwm yam microscopic txav uas ua rau cov duab pom qhov muag plooj. Duab stabilization ua rau koj qhov kev txhaj tshuaj kom pom tseeb dua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum koj tua nrog aperture dav dua. Rau cov hom sib txawv, cov haujlwm tau qhia raws li hauv qab no:

• Sony: OSS (Optical SteadyShot).
• Nikon: VR (Vibration Reduction).
• Canon: YOG (Image Stabilization).
• Sigma: OS (Optical Stabilization).

Lub lens puv

Cov koob yees duab puv npo siv cov sensors loj dua, uas tso cai rau lub koob yees duab tso rau hauv lub teeb ntau dua rau kev txhaj tshuaj zoo dua. Txhawm rau siv tag nrho saum npoo ntawm lub sensor, koj xav tau lub lens tag nrho, uas tuaj yeem ua luv luv raws li hauv qab no:

• Sony: FE (mirrorless koob yees duab).
• Nikon: FX.
• Canon: EF.
• Sigma: DG.

Crop lens

Crop sensor koob yees duab feem ntau yog rau lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb lossis cov neeg nyiam ua lag luam. Lawv tsis tso cai rau koj coj cov duab zoo ib yam li lub koob yees duab puv npo, tab sis lawv tseem tsim cov duab zoo dua li smartphones. Crop lo ntsiab muag tuaj yeem lees paub los ntawm cov ntawv luv luv hauv qab no:

• Sony: E (mirrorless koob yees duab).
• Nikon: DX.
• Canon: EF-S.
• Sigma: DC.

Ultrasonic tsom lub cev muaj zog

Cov motors no tso cai rau kom ntsiag to thiab nrawm dua. Lawv yog qhov tseeb dua li cov tshuab hluav taws xob qeeb qeeb uas pom hauv cov lo ntsiab muag pheej yig thiab raug xaiv raws li:

• Sony: SSM.
• Nikon: SWM.
• Canon: USM.
• Sigma: HSM.

Professional lo ntsiab muag

Cov lo ntsiab muag no yog qhov tseeb thiab ruaj khov dua li cov neeg siv khoom siv lo ntsiab muag. Lawv siv cov iav zoo dua thiab ceev ceev lub cev muaj zog. Lawv feem ntau tiv thaiv los ntawm ya raws thiab plua plav. Professional lo ntsiab muag feem ntau yog tsim los rau lub koob yees duab tag nrho. Koj tuaj yeem paub lawv zoo li no:

• Sony: G.
• Nikon: Kub nplhaib nyob ib ncig ntawm lub lens.
• Canon: L.
• Sigma: EX.

Tsawg dispersion lo ntsiab muag

Cov optics no tshem tawm chromatic aberration, ib qho teeb meem uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov xim flake tawm. Nws feem ntau pom ntawm cov npoo ntawm daim duab. Muaj cov kev pab cuam rau tshem tawm chromatic aberration, tab sis qhov tseeb, tsis yog txhua tus tuaj yeem pom qhov txawv. Xws li distortions tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm los ntawm cov lo ntsiab muag tshwj xeeb uas siv cov thev naus laus zis sib txawv:

• Sony: ED.
• Nikon: UA.
• Canon: ED.
• Sigma: APO.