Uas noj qab nyob zoo: butter, margarine los yog kis

2024 Tus sau: Malcolm Clapton | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:58

Lub neej hacker kawm GOST cov qauv, cov khoom sib xyaw thiab lawv cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lub cev.

Kua nplaum

Butter yog tsim los ntawm hnyav cream thiab, raws li GOST 32261-2013 GOST 32261-2013 Butter. Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb, nws muaj tsawg kawg yog 72.5% (hauv qee hom 80% lossis 82.5%) rog. Ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm lawv yog saturated fatty acids.

Saturated fat yog suav tias yog xya lub teb chaws kawm: 2,289 tuag hauv 15 xyoo. tsim kev puas tsuaj rau lub plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha. Lawv ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev noj zaub mov muaj roj ntau ntawm LDL hauv cov neeg laus nrog atherogenic dyslipidemia: Ib qho kev sim randomized. Cov roj (cholesterol) phem los yog cov lipoproteins tsawg ntom ntom (LDL), uas ua ke ua ke thiab tuaj yeem txhaws cov hlab ntsha.

Tab sis "phem" cov roj cholesterol tsis tas yuav ua mob rau lub cev. Cov lipoproteins yuav tsis lo ua ke yog tias lawv tsis hloov pauv raws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov tsis zoo, cov txheej txheem thiab lub luag haujlwm ntawm atherogenic hloov pauv ntawm lipoproteins hauv atherogenesis. Piv txwv li, dawb radicals.

Yog hais tias ib tug neeg noj ob peb txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, haus luam yeeb thiab nyob ze ntawm cov nroj tsuag haus luam yeeb, nws lub cev muaj ob peb antioxidants - tshuaj uas tiv thaiv lub cev los ntawm dawb radicals. Yog li ntawd, cov radicals hloov cov khoom ntawm "phem" cholesterol, lawv pib ua ke thiab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob plawv (CVD).

Yog hais tias ib tug neeg tsis muaj kev nyiam rau atherosclerosis, nws noj cov vitamins txaus thiab antioxidants, saturated fatty acids tsis ua mob rau kev noj cov saturated fatty acids thiab trans unsaturated fatty acids thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm tag nrho cov ua rau tuag, kab mob plawv, thiab hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib: kev tshuaj xyuas thiab meta. - Kev soj ntsuam ntawm kev soj ntsuam kev tshawb fawb. lub cev, thiab noj butter tsis nce Yog Butter Back? Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Txheej Txheem thiab Meta-Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Kev pheej hmoo ntawm Kab Mob plawv, Ntshav Qab Zib, thiab Tag Nrho Cov Neeg Tuag. CVD kev pheej hmoo. Hloov pauv, cov roj (cholesterol) los ntawm cov roj saturated, txhim kho kev tiv thaiv cov roj (cholesterol) thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob: kev kho mob thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tiv thaiv kab mob, Cov roj (cholesterol) siab tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kab mob thiab atherosclerosis.

Butter tuaj yeem siv rau thermal ua cov khoom noj. Nws tsuas muaj 3% ntawm polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), uas, thaum rhuab, daim ntawv Yog vim li cas nws thiaj li noj qab nyob zoo noj nrog LARD tshaj sunflower roj: Extraordinary xyaum qhia tau hais tias txhua yam peb twb tau hais txog cov roj ua noj tsis yog lawm, Lipid peroxidation nyob rau hauv ua noj ua haus roj. raug rau thermal stress carcinogenic tshuaj phem rau kev noj qab haus huv.

Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv ghee rau kib. Txij li thaum butter muaj cov protein ntau, nws cov pa luam yeeb tsawg - tom qab 150 ° C, cov khoom yuav pib hlawv. Tsis muaj mis nyuj protein lossis dej hauv ghee, yog li nws cov pa luam yeeb nce mus txog 250 ° C.

Dab tsi yog cov kab hauv qab

1. Saturated fatty acids tsis ua mob rau koj cov hlab plawv tshwj tsis yog tias koj muaj kev pheej hmoo.
2. Cov roj (cholesterol) phem "tsis zoo" tsuas yog muaj teeb meem rau kev noj qab haus huv xwb yog tias lipoproteins hloov pauv. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv tus ntawm cov dawb radicals.
3. Cov roj (cholesterol) ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tiv thaiv kab mob.
4. Butter tsis muaj teeb meem rau lub cev ntev npaum li koj noj cov vitamins thiab antioxidants txaus los tiv thaiv LDL los ntawm kev hloov pauv.
5. Butter tuaj yeem ua kom sov yam tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog kev noj qab haus huv. Rau kib, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv ghee.

Margarine

Hauv margarine GOST 30623-98 Cov roj zaub thiab cov khoom lag luam margarine. Txoj kev tshawb nrhiav kev dag ntxias ntawm kev tsim khoom hauv tsev 70-80% ntawm cov rog yog sawv cev los ntawm unsaturated fatty acids. Saturated fats piv nrog Unsaturated fats thiab qhov chaw ntawm carbohydrates nyob rau hauv Relation to Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study tau qhia tias hloov 5% ntawm cov roj fatty acids uas tsis muaj saturated yuav txo tau CVD los ntawm 15-25%.

Yog li ntawd, nws tsim nyog xav txog margarine los hloov butter yog tias koj muaj kev pheej hmoo rau atherosclerosis: haus luam yeeb, hnyav dhau, kev ntxhov siab tsis tu ncua, haus cawv ntau dhau, mob atherosclerosis hauv cov txheeb ze ze, lossis teeb meem hormonal.

Yav dhau los, margarine tau pom tias muaj kev phom sij vim muaj cov rog Trans-Fats thiab Coronary Heart Disease acids, uas tau tsim thaum lub sij hawm hydrogenation ntawm cov roj zaub. Kwv yees li 2-3% ntawm cov roj ntsha trans fatty acids kuj pom muaj nyob rau hauv butter, tab sis qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kab mob plawv thiab kev tuag los ntawm CVD nce Kev noj cov saturated thiab trans unsaturated fatty acids thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm txhua yam ua rau tuag taus, kab mob plawv, thiab hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib: systematic tshuaj xyuas thiab meta- tsom xam ntawm kev soj ntsuam kev tshawb fawb trans rog ntawm cov hauv paus chiv keeb.

Txog rau xyoo 2018, tus nqi ntawm cov roj ntsha hauv cov roj margarine tuaj yeem ncav cuag 20%, thiab hauv cov roj margarine - 8%. Txij Lub Ib Hlis Ntuj Tim 1, 2018, kev hloov kho rau Cov Kev Cai Kev Cai rau cov khoom siv roj thiab roj tau nkag mus rau hauv kev siv zog. Cov Txheej Txheem Kev Cai ntawm Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg rau Cov Txheej Txheem Kev Cai ntawm Lub Koom Haum Kev lis kev cai rau cov khoom siv roj thiab roj. Tam sim no nyob rau hauv ib qho margarine - ob qho tib si mos thiab tawv - tus nqi ntawm trans isomers yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 2%.

Lwm qhov yog tias tsis yog txhua tus neeg tsim khoom ua raws li cov kev cai hauv kev ntseeg zoo, thiab tej zaum yuav muaj ntau dua 5 hom margarine trans fatty acids hauv cov khoom uas tau muab tawm los ua cuav tshaj li kev cai lij choj. Hmoov tsis zoo, nws tsis tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov no yam tsis muaj lub chaw kuaj mob.

Thaum nws los ua noj, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob kub lub margarine. Nyob ntawm seb hom, margarine muaj li ntawm 10, 8 mus rau 42, 9% ntawm polyunsaturated fatty acids. Thaum rhuab mus rau 180-200 ° C, margarine tso tawm Los ntawm Mutagenic Aldehydes thiab Particulate Matter Thaum Panfrying ntawm Beefsteak nrog Margarine, Rapeseed Roj, Txiv roj roj los yog Soybean Roj, aldehydes txaus ntshai rau kev noj qab haus huv.

Dab tsi yog cov kab hauv qab

1. Margarine muaj ntau unsaturated fatty acids: lawv ua 70-80% ntawm tag nrho cov fatty acids muaj pes tsawg leeg. Yog tias koj muaj cov xwm txheej txaus ntshai rau atherosclerosis, nws tsim nyog txwv tsis pub koj noj.
2. Raws li cov kev cai tshiab, tus nqi ntawm trans fatty acids nyob rau hauv margarines yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 2%.
3. Tsis txhob ua noj nrog margarine: thaum rhuab, nws tso cov tshuaj phem rau kev noj qab haus huv.

Kis mus

Spread Cov fatty acid muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm kev sib kis yog ib yam khoom uas muaj cov rog loj ntawm tsawg kawg yog 39%, uas muaj ob qho tib si tsiaj thiab zaub rog.

Muaj ntau ntau hom kev sib kis:

• creamy zaub (58.9% saturated fatty acids thiab 36.6% unsaturated);
• zaub-creamy (54.2% saturated thiab 44.3% unsaturated);
• zaub roj (36, 3% saturated thiab 63, 1% unsaturated).

Zaub-butter thiab zaub-fatty kis tau tsawg saturated fat tshaj butter, tab sis ntau tshaj margarine. Los ntawm kev xaiv ib qho kev sib kis, koj txo cov roj saturated hauv koj cov khoom noj thiab haus cov khoom uas qab qab zoo li butter, thaum txuag nyiaj.

Raws li rau trans fatty acids, raws li txoj cai tshiab, Cov Txheej Txheem Kev Cai rau Cov Khoom Roj thiab Roj. Cov kev cai ntawm kev lis kev cai Union, lawv tus lej hauv kev sib kis yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 2%.

Nws yog qhov zoo dua tsis txhob siv qhov sib kis rau kib thiab ci: nws muaj li ntawm 11% polyunsaturated fatty acids, uas, thaum cua sov, tso cov carcinogens. Qhov no tsawg dua hauv qee hom margarine (los ntawm 10, 8 mus rau 42%), tab sis ntau dua hauv butter (3%).

Dab tsi yog cov kab hauv qab

1. Kev sib kis yog hla ntawm butter thiab margarine. Nws saj zoo li butter, tab sis tsis tshua txaus ntshai rau cov neeg uas nyiam atherosclerosis.
2. Kev sib kis tsis muaj ntau tshaj 2% trans isomers.
3. Zoo dua tsis ua noj rau ntawm kev sib kis.

Tso zis

1. Butter muaj kev nyab xeeb rau cov neeg noj qab haus huv tsis muaj atherosclerosis uas noj cov vitamins txaus thiab antioxidants.
2. Butter, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ghee, zoo haum rau kib thiab ci. Nws muaj ib qho me me ntawm polyunsaturated fatty acids, uas, thaum tshav kub kub, tso tawm cov khoom uas muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv. Margarine thiab kis muaj ntau ntau PUF, yog li lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob raug tshav kub.
3. Yog tias koj muaj kev pheej hmoo: tus cwj pwm tsis zoo, rog dhau thiab rog, muaj kab mob hauv lub cev, kev ua neej nyob tsis tu ncua thiab kev ntxhov siab tsis tu ncua, ces nws yog qhov zoo dua los hloov butter nrog kev sib kis lossis margarine. Lawv muaj cov rog tsawg dua, thiab cov roj trans rog yog tswj los ntawm GOST thiab tsis pub ntau tshaj 2%.
4. Yog tias koj tsis ntseeg qhov bona fides ntawm cov tuam txhab lag luam, coj kev sib kis: nws muaj ntau cov tsiaj rog, uas txhais tau tias tsawg dua trans isomers ntawm cov hauv paus chiv keeb.