Myopia tuaj qhov twg thiab yuav kho li cas

2024 Tus sau: Malcolm Clapton | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:58

Txhua tus neeg thib plaub raug kev txom nyem los ntawm qhov teeb meem tsis pom kev.

Dab tsi yog myopia

Nearsightedness Nearsightedness yog ib yam mob uas ib tug neeg muaj teeb meem pom cov khoom nyob deb. Qhov ntxiv deb ntawm cov ntsiab lus, qhov tsis meej nws zoo li.

Raws li kev txheeb cais, txhua tus neeg thib plaub ntawm lub ntiaj teb raug kev txom nyem los ntawm myopia: qhov teeb meem loj zuj zus thoob ntiaj teb nrog cov teeb meem pom kev cuam tshuam. Thaum xyoo 2050, txhua qhov Myopia thib ob yuav pom ze.

Myopia txo qis lub neej zoo, ua rau lub xeev kev noj qab haus huv, thiab yog tias nws tsis kho, nws tuaj yeem ua rau tsis pom kev. Txawm li cas los xij, tib neeg tsis tas yuav nkag siab tias qee yam tsis raug ntawm lawv lub qhov muag.

Yuav ua li cas paub txog myopia

Qhov teeb meem no yuav tsis pom tseeb. Thiab rau qhov laj thawj pom tseeb.

Qee tus yug nrog myopia. Rau ntau, nws nce zuj zus. Yog li ntawd, ib tug neeg tau siv rau nws peculiarity ntawm lub zeem muag, suav hais tias nws yog tus qauv. Thiab nws tsis txawm xav tias cov khoom rau ib 'meter', ob, xya tuaj yeem thiab yuav tsum paub meej meej. Txawm li cas los xij, tseem muaj cov tsos mob uas koj tuaj yeem paub txog cov teeb meem tsis pom kev.

Lub npe kho mob rau myopia yog myopia. Lo lus no los ntawm Myopia. Cov txheej txheem kho mob los ntawm Greek cov hauv paus hniav txhais tau tias "squint" thiab "qhov muag".

Lub siab xav squint thaum sim saib ib yam dab tsi yog ib qho ntawm cov cim qhia ntawm myopia.

Nearsightedness kuj tseem tuaj yeem xav tias ze ze ntawm tus neeg uas:

• muaj teeb meem pom cov khoom nyob deb, xws li cov paib txoj kev lossis cov khw muag khoom;
• cia faus nws lub qhov ntswg hauv phau ntawv lossis lub vijtsam laptop thaum nyeem ntawv;
• sim zaum ze rau lub TV, ua yeeb yaj kiab screen lossis blackboard;
• nkees sai sai thaum tsav tsheb lossis jogging ntawm txoj kev, uas yuav tsum tau ua kom pom kev tsis pom kev ntawm cov khoom tshiab;
• raug mob taub hau uas tshwm sim los ntawm qhov muag strain;
• tsis pom kev nyob rau hauv lub twilight los yog ib tug darkened chav tsev (sub los ntawm lub thiaj li hu ua tsaus muag dig muag);
• los ntawm lub sij hawm mus rau lub sij hawm pib ntsais ib ntus, thiab ua nws unconsciously;
• rub nws ob lub qhov muag tsis tu ncua.

Thaum mus ntsib kws kho mob sai

Nyob rau hauv tsawg zaus, nrog myopia, ib qho teeb meem loj tshwm sim - lub retina exfoliates. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau qhov muag tsis pom kev.

Hu rau lub tsheb thauj neeg mob tam sim yog tias:

• ntau qhov chaw ntab, tsaus lossis pob tshab, dheev tshwm sim ua ntej lub qhov muag, thiab lawv tsis ploj;
• koj pom lub teeb ci ntawm ib qho lossis ob lub qhov muag;
• Nws zoo li tus duab ntxoov ntxoo zoo li daim ntaub thaiv tau nqis los thiab khov rau kuv ob lub qhov muag.

Nrog lub retinal detachment, txhua thib ob suav. Sim kom tau txais kev pab sai li sai tau.

myopia tuaj qhov twg?

Nws yog txhua yam hais txog cov duab ntawm lub qhov muag.

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, nws yog tsim los kom lub teeb nkag mus los ntawm lub lens thiab lub pob txha pob txha uas tiv thaiv nws yog tsom nruj rau ntawm retina. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, peb pom cov duab meej, ci ntsa iab.

Yog hais tias lub cornea los yog lo ntsiab muag yog nkhaus heev, lub teeb yog teem rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub retina. Tib yam tshwm sim yog tias qhov ntev ntawm lub qhov muag (qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub lens thiab retina) zoo heev. Kev tsom mus rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub retina ua rau kev tsim ntawm qhov hu ua myopia lub teeb tawg lub voj voog ntawm retina nws tus kheej. Cov txheej txheem kho mob. Yog li ntawd, lub qhov muag thiab lub hlwb tsis tau txais cov ntaub ntawv meej txog cov khoom pom, thiab cov duab zoo li qhov muag plooj.

Myopia txhim kho rau ntau yam laj thawj uas sib ntxiv. Ntawm no yog cov feem ntau.

1. Kev xeeb tub

Hauv qee tus neeg, lub qhov muag txij thaum yug los muaj cov duab elongated los yog lub ntsej muag ntse heev ntawm lub lens lossis pob kws. Tus cwj pwm no yog "wired" hauv cov noob thiab tuaj yeem kis tau los ntawm niam txiv mus rau tus menyuam.

Tam sim no ntsia Short-sightedness (myopia). Ua rau ntau tshaj 40 cov noob caj noob ces cuam tshuam nrog myopia.

Lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm keeb kwm myopia yog qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub qhov muag. Cov neeg zoo li no yug los nrog lub zeem muag. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv ob lub qhov muag tau yooj yim hloov cov duab vim kev ua neej tsis zoo, yog li lawv muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm myopia dua lwm tus.

2. Hormonal hloov

Feem ntau, myopia pib tshwm sim thaum muaj hnub nyoog 7-12 xyoos Myopia - nyob rau hnub ua ntej ntawm kev puberty. Ntxiv mus, nyob rau hauv cov ntxhais, thawj cov cim qhia ntawm qhov muag tsis pom kev tshwm sim ntxov tshaj nyob rau hauv cov tub hluas.

Tsis tas li ntawd, kev xeeb tub, ntshav qab zib thiab lwm yam mob uas cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov pauv hauv cov tshuaj hormones tuaj yeem ua rau pom kev tsis zoo.

3. Tus cwj pwm ntawm kev nyeem ntawv ntau lossis zaum ntawm qhov screen

Short-sightedness (myopia) tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Ua rau, yog tias tus menyuam yaus lossis ib tus neeg laus tsom lawv lub ntsej muag nquag thiab ntev ntev ntawm cov khoom nyob ze. Qhov no tshwm sim, piv txwv li, thaum nyeem ntawv, sau ntawv, tus cwj pwm ntawm kev siv sij hawm faus rau hauv gadgets.

Nyob rau hauv Russia, myopia pom muaj myopia. Cov txheej txheem kho mob. hauv 6-8% ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv theem pib. Txog li 25-30% ntawm cov menyuam yaus dhau los ua myopic los ntawm cov qib laus.

4. Ob peb taug kev sab nraum zoov

Cov ntaub ntawv luv-sightedness (myopia) muaj. Ua rau khiav thiab ua si sab nraud txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim myopia. Thiab yog tias qhov deformation ntawm lub qhov muag twb muaj lawm, ces nws maj mam nce ntxiv.

Cov kws tshawb fawb pom tias qhov kev cia siab no yog qhov tseeb tias nyob rau hauv huab cua ntshiab koj tsis tas yuav tsom mus rau cov khoom nyob ze, thiab lub teeb pom kev zoo dua.

5. Kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo

Piv txwv li, tus cwj pwm ntawm kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo lossis ua raws li kev noj zaub mov hnyav. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, tus neeg tau txais Myopia tsawg dua. Clinical Practice Guidelines cov vitamins thiab minerals uas tseem ceeb rau kev noj qab haus huv qhov muag.

6. Kev nyuaj siab

Cov xwm txheej ntxhov siab tuaj yeem ua rau cov leeg mob myopia (Nearsightedness), uas tswj qhov ua kom pom tseeb ntawm qhov muag. Qhov no ua rau lub fact tias nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau ib tug neeg mus rau "hloov" lub zeem muag ntawm cov khoom nyob ze mus rau qhov deb.

Vim li cas myopia txaus ntshai?

Nws tsis yog hais txog qhov nyuaj ntawm kev pom lossis paub qhov txawv ntawm cov khoom nyob deb. Nearsightedness muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm unpleasant heev txim ntawm Nearsightedness.

• Mob taub hau.
• Kev ua haujlwm poob qis, kev kawm nyuaj.
• Txo qib kev ruaj ntseg. Ib tug neeg pom luv luv yuav tsis pom lub tsheb ciav hlau rushing ntawm nws los yog, piv txwv li, ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev kos npe.
• Lachrymation, nce nyiam rau o. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub qhov muag ua thinner, nws yooj yim rau khaus lawv.
• Kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm kev tsim lwm yam teeb meem tsis pom kev: retinal detachment, cataracts, glaucoma, myopic maculopathy (qhov no yog ib qho mob uas lub hauv paus cheeb tsam ntawm lub retina puas). Tag nrho cov no tuaj yeem ua rau dig muag.

Yuav ua li cas kho myopia

Cov teeb meem tsis pom kev tuaj yeem tshwm sim tsis yog los ntawm myopia nkaus xwb. Yog li ntawd, pib nrog, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau ua kom muaj kev kuaj mob kom raug. Tus kws kho qhov muag (ophthalmologist) yuav daws qhov no. Nws yuav tshuaj xyuas koj ob lub qhov muag, muab kom dhau qee qhov kev xeem.

• Kuaj koj qhov pom kev acuity. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav raug hais kom sau cov ntawv sau rau ntawm lub rooj kuaj mob ob peb meters ntawm koj.
• Ua keratometry. Qhov no yog lub npe ntawm cov txheej txheem uas qhov curvature ntawm lub cornea yog ntsuas.
• Ua kom refraction. Refraction qhia meej npaum li cas lub cornea thiab lens refract lub teeb hla lawv. Lawv tshuaj xyuas nws nrog kev pab ntawm cov cuab yeej - phoropter thiab retinoscope (nrog rau qhov ntsuas no tus kws kho mob yuav ci ntsa iab hauv qhov muag).

Yog tias myopia paub tseeb, nws tuaj yeem kho tau los ntawm ntau txoj hauv kev.

1. Cov ntsiab lus

Tus kws kho mob ophthalmologist yuav pab koj xaiv cov tsom iav nrog cov lo ntsiab muag tshwj xeeb. Lawv refract lub teeb nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov muag kom nws tsom mus rau retina, tsis nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm nws.

2. Tiv thaiv lo ntsiab muag

Nyob rau ntawm lub cornea, lub lens flattens nws nto thiab txo khoov. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, cov duab tsom tuaj yeem hloov mus rau retina.

3. Kev phais phais

Qhov no yog lub npe ntawm kev ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv uas tus kws phais siv lub laser beam kom smoothen lub cornea ntau dhau. Qhov no tuaj yeem txo qhov myopia, tab sis nws tsis tas yuav tshem tawm tag nrho.

4. Kev kho qhov muag pom kev

Nws yog ib txoj hauv kev los txhim kho lub zeem muag rau cov neeg uas nws cov myopia tshwm sim los ntawm kev ntxhov siab ntawm Myopia (Nearsightedness). Tus kws kho qhov muag yuav qhia koj seb koj yuav tsum ua li cas thiaj li txo tau cov leeg nqaij.

Yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv los yog qeeb myopia

Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom lav tias qhov ze ze tsis tsim. Tab sis koj tuaj yeem sim pab lub qhov muag tiv thaiv deformation.

1. Noj zaub mov zoo

Kev noj zaub mov kom tiav yuav tsum muaj ntau cov zaub ntsuab, zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Noj ntses uas muaj omega-3 fatty acids, xws li tuna thiab salmon, kuj zoo rau kev pom.

2. Ceev faj tsis txhob ua rau koj ob lub qhov muag

Yog tias koj nyeem ntawv, ua haujlwm nrog lub khoos phis tawj lossis lwm yam khoom siv, so txhua 20 feeb thiab saib cov khoom nyob deb. Piv txwv li, saib lub qhov rais los yog ntawm ib tug npoj yaig zaum ntawm qhov kawg ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm.

3. Tswj teeb pom kev zoo

Ib qhov chaw ua haujlwm zoo yog lwm txoj hauv kev los txo qhov muag pom.

4. Tiv thaiv koj ob lub qhov muag los ntawm UV hluav taws xob

Thaum tawm mus rau hauv txoj kev tshav ntuj, hnav looj tsom iav dub.

5. Sim tiv thaiv koj ob lub qhov muag ntawm kev raug mob thiab lwm yam kev puas tsuaj

Hnav looj tsom iav dub yog tias koj npaj mus jogging ntawm txoj kev plua plav lossis txiav nyom. Los yog, piv txwv li, koj yuav pleev xim rau lub laj kab. Los yog ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg uas tawm cov pa phem (xws li cov xim, cov kuab tshuaj, cov tshuaj tua kab).

6. Txiav luam yeeb

Kev haus luam yeeb muaj teeb meem rau lub cev feem ntau thiab qhov muag tshwj xeeb.

7. Khaws cov kab mob mus ntev

Mob ntshav qab zib, ntshav siab thiab lwm yam mob qee zaum ua rau tsis pom kev. Nco ntsoov nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog qhov no.

8. Tau txais kev kuaj xyuas tas li

Cov kws tshaj lij los ntawm American Academy of Ophthalmology pom zoo kom pom qhov ze kom pom koj lub qhov muag los ntawm tus kws kho qhov muag:

• cov menyuam muaj hnub nyoog 6 hli;
• cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 3 xyoos;
• ua ntej thawj qib kawm ntawv thiab tom qab ntawd tsawg kawg ob zaug hauv ib xyoos;
• txhua 5-10 xyoo thaum muaj hnub nyoog 20-30;
• txhua 2-3 xyoos thaum muaj hnub nyoog 30-54;
• txhua xyoo (los yog tsawg kawg txhua 2 xyoos) tom qab 55 xyoo.

Qhov no yuav tso cai rau koj los txheeb xyuas cov teeb meem nrog lub zeem muag hauv lub sijhawm thiab kho tau yooj yim kom tsis txhob mob myopia.