"Slang - Thaiv lossis Evolution? Nqus tsev lossis nqus tsev?” 10 nqe lus nug rau tus kws kho mob thiab cov lus teb rau lawv

2024 Tus sau: Malcolm Clapton | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:58

Koj nug, peb teb.

Yuav ua li cas?

Lifehacker muaj "Cov lus teb" ntu, nyob rau hauv uas peb pib ib hnub thematic: peb yuav caw tus qhua tshwj xeeb uas yuav teb koj cov lus nug.

Lub lim tiam dhau los koj tau nug cov lus nug txog kev nyeem ntawv thiab lus Lavxias. Peb xaiv qhov nthuav tshaj plaws, thiab peb thawj tus qhua caw, tus kws tshawb fawb Svetlana Guryanova, teb rau lawv.

Puas yog slang yog blockage lossis evolution?

Cov lus uas tshwm sim hauv cov lus ib txwm tsis tuaj yeem hu ua kev thaiv: yog tias lawv tshwm sim, ces lawv xav tau ib yam dab tsi. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm slang (jargon) yog qhia txog kev sib cais ntawm ib pawg neeg sib txawv, kom paub qhov txawv "peb" ntawm "lwm tus". Slang tuaj yeem yog cov hluas, cov kws tshaj lij, tub sab, thiab lwm yam.

Slang kuj yog ib qho nyuaj rau hu rau cov evolution ntawm cov lus, vim hais tias feem ntau jargon tsis mus dhau ntawm ib puag ncig uas lawv siv.

Tab sis qee zaum qee cov lus slang dhau los ua ib txwm muaj - thiab tom qab ntawd nws muaj peev xwm hais tau tias lawv txhawb cov lus sau. Piv txwv li, adjective "hlawv" Keeb Kwm thiab etymological phau ntawv txhais lus. LIVESTOCK tau tshwm sim thawj zaug hauv cov lus ntawm cov neeg nuv ntses uas muag ntses uas tseem muaj sia nyob thiab yog li ntawd quivering.

Thiab los ntawm cov hluas slang tuaj lo lus "bye" nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus ntawm goodbye, uas heev annoyed cov laus tiam nyob rau hauv lub 60s ntawm lub xyoo pua XX. "Bye" yog ib lo lus luv luv rau cov kab lus ntev xws li "Goodbye bye", thiab nws tau pom ntau yam zoo ib yam li peb hais goodbye, "Tam sim no!" los yog ntau dua!". Thiab tam sim no txhua leej txhua tus, hluas thiab laus, hais tias "nyob zoo".

Yuav kawm li cas thiaj sau tau raug?

Kev sau ntawv zoo yog ib qho txuj ci uas tuaj yeem tsim tau tag nrho. Tab sis tib txoj kev uas koj tsis tuaj yeem ua suab paj nruag, tsuas yog los ntawm kev kawm cov ntawv sau, koj tsis tuaj yeem kawm sau ntawv yam tsis muaj qhov yuam kev yog tias koj txwv koj tus kheej kom ua raws li cov cai.

Koj yuav tsum kawm paub siv lawv li cas, thiab qhov no yuav tsum muaj kev cob qhia ntev thiab tsis tu ncua. Nws tuaj yeem muab los ntawm kev tawm dag zog hauv phau ntawv thiab hauv cov vev xaib nrog qhov ua tau ntawm kev ntsuas tus kheej. Muaj cov haujlwm zoo li no, piv txwv li, ntawm cov peev txheej "Gramota.ru".

Los ntawm cov phau ntawv kuv tuaj yeem pom zoo phau ntawv kawm zoo los ntawm L. V. Velikova "Lavxias lus. Navigator rau cov tub ntxhais kawm theem siab thiab cov neeg thov "hauv ob ntu, qhov thib ob yog cov yuam sij rau kev tawm dag zog. Thiab yog tias koj muaj lub cim xeeb zoo, nyeem cov ntawv zoo, nyiam cov ntawv tseeb, yuav pab tau koj.

Kuv nco ntsoov tias muaj ib txwm "los". “tuaj” tshwm sim li cas?

Yog tias koj nco qab tias nws yog ib txwm "tuaj," ces koj muaj tsawg kawg yog 70 xyoo. Qhov kev xaiv "los" tau teeb tsa los ntawm Gramota.ru. Yuav los los yog tuaj los ntawm txoj cai sau ntawv hauv xyoo 1956, thiab koj yuav tsum muaj lub hnub nyoog nco qab kom ntes cov ntawv qub.

Nws zoo nkaus li tias koj nyuam qhuav nyeem phau ntawv luam tawm ua ntej xyoo 1956, thiab hauv lawv koj tuaj yeem ntsib thiab "tuaj" thiab "tuaj" thiab "mus". Qhov kev xaiv ntawm qhov kev xaiv "los" yog kev sau ntawv, tab sis nws muaj qhov laj thawj zoo: tshwj xeeb, nws yog qhov sib piv nrog tib lub hauv paus prefixed verbs "enter", "nr", "mus", "tawm", " tuaj", "tawm", "los" thiab lwm yam.

Thov nco ntsoov tias cov lus qhia "mus", uas kuv kuj xav kos ib qho piv txwv, tsis muaj prefix.

Yuav ua li cas yog txoj hauv kev kom muab commas thaum siv qhov sib txuas "vim"?

Kev sib txuas "vim" ib txwm ntxiv ib qho subordinate (dependent) clause raws li ib feem ntawm ib qho nyuaj, thiab lub comma yuav tsum cais cov subordinate clause. Tib lo lus nug yog qhov twg yuav tsum muab lub comma: ua ntej tag nrho lub union "vim" los yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm nws, ua ntej "dab tsi."

Tab sis nws yog daws yooj yim: lub comma nyob ntawm cov cim cim nyob rau hauv ib tug complex kab lus ntawm intonation. Qhov twg koj nres thaum hais cov kab lus zoo li no, muab tus lej cim rau ntawd. Sib piv ob kab lus thiab pom qhov ncua sij hawm ntawm lub comma:

• "Nws tsis tau yuav ib tug nkauj nyab uas nplua nuj thiab zoo nkauj, uas nws nyiam heev, tsuas yog vim nws txiv yawg tsis yog ib tug neeg muaj koob meej" (S. Aksakov. Family Chronicle).
• "Nws tau hnov tias cov poj niam feem ntau nyiam dab tuag, cov neeg yooj yim, tab sis tsis ntseeg qhov no, vim nws txiav txim siab los ntawm nws tus kheej, vim nws tus kheej tsuas yog nyiam cov poj niam zoo nkauj, paub tsis meej thiab tshwj xeeb" (L. Tolstoy. Anna Karenina).

Yuav tsis muaj comma tsuas yog tsis muaj subordinate clause nyob rau hauv kab lus xws li thiab tsuas yog lub union nws tus kheej tseem nyob ntawm nws. Piv txwv li, nws yuav zoo li no:

- Vim li cas qhov no tshwm sim?

- Tsuas yog vim. Tsis txhob xav txog nws.

Vim li cas qhov tseem ceeb ntawm thawj lub suab hauv lo lus "rusty" tsis suav tias yog lawm?

Qhov tseeb, txog tam sim no qhov no tsis muaj tseeb: ntau phau ntawv txhais lus ntawm Orthoepic Dictionary ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus tseem cim qhov kev ntxhov siab "xeb" thiab "xeb" sib npaug.

Thiab rov qab rau xyoo 1959, phau ntawv txhais lus "Lavxias teb sab lus hais lus thiab kev ntxhov siab" kho los ntawm R. I. Avanesov thiab S. I. Ozhegov tau sau tseg tias kev ntxhov siab "rust" tsis yog lawm - tam sim no qee cov phau ntawv txhais lus (tab sis tsis yog tag nrho) tab tom pib tso tseg qhov kev xaiv "xeb" Raws li outdated.

Kev ntxhov siab tuaj yeem txav mus los ntawm cov lus qhia zoo sib xws rau "-et" nrog lub ntsiab lus "kom dhau los ua": "blush", "kom blacken", "kom tawv", "kom nyias", "loj hnyav" thiab yog li ntawd. Feem ntau ntawm cov lus qhia no muaj kev ntxhov siab thaum kawg ntawm lo lus.

Cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws ntawm kev hloov pauv kev ntxhov siab tam sim no tshwm sim nrog lo lus "mus bald", tab sis qhov sib txawv nrog qhov kev ntxhov siab zaum kawg "e" tseem tsis tau lees paub tias yog tus qauv.

Lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuuming?

Cov lus qhia "rau lub tshuab nqus tsev" ua daim ntawv "lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum". Kev hloov ntawm cov lus "s" thiab "w" ntawm no yog tib yam li hauv cov khub "hnav - nqa", "mow - kosh", "xim - xim" thiab lwm yam.

Daim ntawv no tau sau tseg hauv ntau phau ntawv txhais lus, piv txwv li, hauv "Cov Lus Txhais ntawm Cov Lus Nug ntawm Cov Lus Lavxias rau Pawg Neeg Ua Haujlwm" los ntawm M. A. Shtudiner thiab hauv cov ntawv sau kev kawm "Academos".

Tseem muaj cov phau ntawv txhais lus uas nws tau sau tseg tias thawj tus neeg hais lus ntawm cov lus qhia "nqus" tsis tuaj, tab sis cov no yog, raws li txoj cai, cov ntawv qub.

Vim li cas lub tsheb thauj neeg mob tseem hu ua tsheb thauj neeg?

Nws yog li ntawd tshwm sim tias cov kab lus ruaj khov (thiab "lub tsheb thauj neeg mob" tsuas yog ib qho kev qhia xwb) khaws cov lus qub lossis cov lus hais txog qhov tseeb qub.

Thaum xub thawj, "lub tsheb thauj neeg mob" tuaj txog hauv tsheb thauj neeg, thiab qhov kev qhia no tau kho hauv cov lus. Tsis muaj dab tsi coj txawv txawv lossis txawv ntawm qhov no. Koj tsis to taub los ntawm kab lus "spaceship", txawm hais tias qhov no tsis yog lub nkoj tiag? Los yog "cham xwm ceev", txawm tias tsis muaj leej twg hu cov chav "chambers" ntev?

Dab tsi yuav tsum tau coj los ntawm thaum xaiv rooj plaub hauv kab lus "Kuv xav tau dej / dej, kua txiv / kua txiv" thiab lwm yam?

Daim ntawv accusative yog siv, raws li txoj cai, thaum nws los txog rau tag nrho cov kev pab cuam los ntawm ib qho kev txiav txim los yog ib qho kev kawm tshwj xeeb: "Kuv xav tau dej" (cov dej no), "haus kua txiv" (tag nrho cov kua txiv), "muas. qhob cij" (ib qho loaf), "Nqa txiv apples" (tag nrho cov txiv apples).

Cov ntaub ntawv genitive yog siv thaum qhia txog ib feem ntawm ib qho khoom los ntawm kev ua, lossis ib qho khoom tsis kawg: "Kuv xav tau dej" (qee yam), "haus kua txiv" (me ntsis, tsis yog tag nrho), "yuav mov ci" (tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi, thiab ib lub ncuav tuaj yeem ua ob peb), "nqa txiv apples" (me ntsis).

Koj tuaj yeem nyeem ntxiv txog cov kev tsim kho no. Ntau cov ntaub ntawv prepositional-case nrog ib lo lus tswj hauv "Spelling and Style Reference" los ntawm D. E. Rosenthal (§ 203. Ntau yam prepositional-cov ntaub ntawv nrog ib lo lus tswj).

Vim li cas hauv kev hais lus yog siv "kev them nyiaj los ntawm daim npav" thiab tsis yog "kev them nyiaj los ntawm daim npav"?

Ib qho ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub preposition "los ntawm" yog ib qho kev qhia ntawm Cov Lus Qhia Me Me. Lub preposition "Po" rau cov khoom los ntawm qhov twg los yog nrog kev pab los ntawm qhov kev txiav txim yog ua: "xa los ntawm kev xa ntawv", "hais lus hauv xov tooj", "saib hauv TV", "xa hauv xov tooj cua", "sau los ntawm lub compass".

Nws zoo li qhov kev siv ntawm preposition "los ntawm" tau txuas ntxiv mus rau qhov kev qhia "them los ntawm daim npav".

Thiab koj hais yog lawm tias "kev them nyiaj los ntawm daim npav" yog ib qho kev hais lus sib tham, tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev sib tham tsis raug cai. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov lus piv txwv ntawm kev hais lus, tsuas yog "kev them nyiaj los ntawm daim npav" kev xaiv tseem raug lees paub tias yog.

Koj ntsuas los yog koj ntsuas?

Nyob rau hauv cov lus piv txwv ntawm kev hais lus - " ntsuas". Qhov no yog ib daim ntawv ntawm phau ntawv txhais lus ntawm kev nyuaj ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus ntawm qhov nruab nrab verb " ntsuas". Nws lwm hom suab zoo li no: " ntsuas", " ntsuas", " ntsuas", " ntsuas", " ntsuas". Cov lus qhia "raug ntsuas" yog lo lus, thiab nws muaj cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no: " ntsuas", " ntsuas", " ntsuas", " ntsuas", " ntsuas", " ntsuas". Lawv tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev sib tham tsis tu ncua.