Amblyopia: vim li cas qhov muag tau tub nkeeg thiab yuav pab lawv li cas

2024 Tus sau: Malcolm Clapton | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:58

Tus kab mob feem ntau tsis muaj tsos mob. Tab sis yog tias koj tsis pom nws nyob rau lub sijhawm, tus menyuam yuav poob nws qhov muag.

Dab tsi yog amblyopia

Amblyopia (los yog lub qhov muag tub nkeeg) yog ib qho mob uas ib lub qhov muag pom ntau dua thiab lub hlwb pib tsis quav ntsej cov duab fuzzy los ntawm nws. 2-3% ntawm cov menyuam yaus ntsib tus kabmob ua ntej hnub nyoog 7 xyoo.

Lub qhov muag ua haujlwm zoo li lub koob yees duab. Lub teeb dhau los ntawm lub lens thiab mus txog lub teeb-sensitive retina. Nws converts daim duab rau hauv paj hlwb impulses thiab xa mus rau lub hlwb. Nyob ntawd, cov teeb liab ntawm txhua lub cev ntawm lub zeem muag tau muab tso ua ke rau hauv daim duab peb sab. Thaum tus menyuam lub cev tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov kev sib txuas thiab qhov muag tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ua khub, amblyopia tshwm sim.

Yog tias "dab tsi qhov muag" tsis pab, nws yuav dig muag. Qhov kev kho mob pib ua ntej, nws yuav ua tau zoo dua. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los ua nws ua ntej hnub nyoog 7 xyoo, thaum lub sij hawm kev sib txuas ntawm lub qhov muag thiab lub hlwb tseem tsim. Ntawm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 7 txog 17 xyoo, tsuas yog ib nrab teb rau kev kho mob.

Vim li cas amblyopia txhim kho?

Cov duab tsis zoo los ntawm ib lub qhov muag tuaj yeem xa mus rau lub hlwb rau peb lub laj thawj.

Vim qhov txawv ntawm qhov ntse

Nrog myopia, hyperopia thiab astigmatism, lub zog refractive ntawm lub cev ntawm lub zeem muag hloov pauv, kab teeb ntawm lub teeb tsis poob rau ntawm lub retina thiab cov duab ua indistinct. Yog hais tias ib lub qhov muag pom ntau heev dua lwm yam, refractive amblyopia tsim.

Vim strabismus

Nrog nws, kev ua haujlwm synchronous ntawm lub qhov muag cov leeg yog cuam tshuam. Vim li no, ib lub qhov muag tuaj yeem tig mus rau ntawm lub qhov ntswg, nce, nqis, lossis sab nraud. Yog li ntawd, cov cim qhia los ntawm nws yog qhov tsis zoo.

Vim qhov thaiv tsis pom kev

Deprivation amblyopia tshwm sim thaum ib yam dab tsi thaiv qhov pom axis. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog cataract (pob ntawm lub lens), raug mob, intraocular o o, caws pliav ntawm lub cornea, los yog overhanging daim tawv muag.

Yuav ua li cas to taub tias tus me nyuam muaj amblyopia

Amblyopia feem ntau yog asymptomatic. Tab sis muaj ntau yam cim qhia tias qee zaum tshwm sim hauv cov me nyuam mob:

• ib lub qhov muag tig sab hauv lossis sab nraud, nce lossis nqis;
• qhov muag tsis txav mus zoo ua ke;
• tus me nyuam tilts nws lub taub hau saib ib yam dab tsi;
• nws feem ntau squints los yog kaw ib lub qhov muag;
• tus me nyuam tsis pom qhov tob zoo.

Cov menyuam kawm ntawv laus dua lawv tus kheej tuaj yeem yws tias lawv pom tsis zoo nrog ib lub qhov muag. Qee zaum lawv muaj teeb meem nyeem ntawv, sau ntawv thiab kos duab. Nws yog tsim nyog qhia tus kws kho mob ophthalmologist txog qhov no.

Yog tias koj tus menyuam tseem hluas, sim kuaj xyuas koj tus kheej ua ntej mus ntsib kws kho mob. Npog nws ob lub qhov muag nrog koj txhais tes tig. Qee zaum cov menyuam yaus uas muaj amblyopia sim tshem lawv txhais tes ntawm qhov noj qab haus huv.

Thaum mus ntsib kws kho mob

Tus kws kho qhov muag tuaj yeem kuaj pom amblyopia thaum ntxov, thaum nws zoo li tus menyuam tsis txhawj xeeb txog dab tsi. Yog li ntawd, nws raug nquahu kom qhia cov menyuam yaus rau cov kws tshaj lij ntawm 6 lub hlis, 3 xyoos, thiab tom qab nkag mus kawm ntawv - txhua xyoo. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb los xyuas tus me nyuam qhov muag pom yog tias ib tug neeg muaj tus me nyuam qhov cataract, strabismus lossis lwm yam kab mob loj hauv tsev neeg.

Cov menyuam yaus uas hais lus tsis tau raug tshuaj xyuas nrog lub ophthalmoscope, ib qho cuab yeej ua kom pom tseeb. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog kom tshem tawm cov kab mob cataracts. Tus kws kho mob kuj xyuas seb tus me nyuam tsom nws qhov muag thiab saib xyuas cov khoom txav mus los.

Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 3 xyoos feem ntau yog cov tshuaj visometry. Tus kws kho mob kaw tus neeg mob lub qhov muag thiab tom qab ntawd qhia nws cov ntawv lossis duab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus kws kho mob ua kom tus me nyuam tsis peep nrog nws ob lub qhov muag thiab tsis ncav cuag lub rooj. Qhov muag pom kuj raug tshuaj xyuas siv lub refractometer. Nws txiav txim siab lub zog refractive ntawm lub qhov muag.

Yuav kho amblyopia li cas

txawv. Tus kws kho mob ophthalmologist xaiv ib txoj hauv kev nyob ntawm qhov ua rau muaj tus kab mob thiab seb qhov muag pom tsis zoo.

Cov iav los yog lo ntsiab muag

Yog tias amblyopia tshwm sim los ntawm myopia, hyperopia, lossis astigmatism, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum kho qhov tsis pom kev. Rau qhov no, nws muab tsom iav.

Qhov muag tsis pom kev

Cov ntaub qhwv tag npog lub qhov muag noj qab haus huv los yuam kom lub hlwb nyeem cov duab ntawm qhov muag cuam tshuam. Thaum xub thawj tus menyuam pom tsis zoo, tab sis maj mam pom qhov "tig rau". Muaj pes tsawg teev ib hnub twg yuav tsum hnav ntaub qhwv thiab thaum twg yuav tsum tsis txhob kho mob yog nyob ntawm tus kws kho mob. Yog tias koj ua qhov no uncontrollably, koj lub qhov muag noj qab nyob zoo yuav pib pom zuj zus.

Qhov tsis zoo ntawm txoj kev no yog tias amblyopia rov qab mus rau 25% ntawm cov menyuam yaus tom qab hnav khaub ncaws raug tshem tawm.

Qhov muag poob

Yog tias amblyopia tsis pib, koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem sau tshuaj atropine tee es tsis txhob siv cov ntaub qhwv. Lawv nthuav cov menyuam kawm ntawv, thiab vim li no, qhov muag noj qab haus huv tsis pom meej, thiab tus tub tub nkeeg pib ua haujlwm. Ib qho kev phiv ntawm cov tshuaj yog photophobia. Tab sis cov kws tshawb fawb tau sau tseg tias, tsis zoo li kev hnav khaub ncaws, cov tshuaj tsis ua rau daim tawv nqaij los yog conjunctiva.

Kev ua haujlwm

Feem ntau, kev pab ntawm ib tug kws phais yuav tsum tau yog tias tsom iav tsis pab kho squint. Tsis tas li, koj tsis tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj kev phais yog tias muaj qee yam, xws li cataract, cuam tshuam rau koj lub zeem muag.

Kev kho mob yuav ua tau zoo npaum li cas

Hauv cov menyuam yaus feem ntau, lub peev xwm ntawm lub qhov muag tub nkeeg tau rov qab zoo tag nrho yog tias kuaj tau ntxov. Hauv qee qhov, kev txhim kho tau pom zoo tom qab ob peb lub lis piam ntawm kev kho mob, hauv lwm tus tom qab rau lub hlis lossis ob xyoos. Tab sis amblyopia tuaj yeem rov qab los. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob tsis tu ncua. Yog tias muaj kev rov qab los, kev kho mob pib dua.