Yuav ua li cas rau insulate lub sam thiaj: ib kauj ruam los ntawm kev qhia

2024 Tus sau: Malcolm Clapton | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:58

Artyom Kozoriz tau npaj cov lus qhia ntxaws nrog cov duab thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab.

1. Nkag siab txog cov hauv paus

Yuav ua li cas lub sam thiaj txawv ntawm lub loggia

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cia peb cais cov ntsiab lus no kom meej. Ob leeg yog glazed, yog li cov neeg feem coob hu qhov chaw ua rau lub sam thiaj, txawm tias qhov no tsis raug. Thiab qee tus neeg yuam kev ntseeg tias yog tias koj nruab qhov rais ntawm lub sam thiaj, nws tau hloov mus rau hauv loggia.

Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ob lub tsev yog tias lub sam thiaj tsis muaj phab ntsa thiab protrudes dhau lub façade, thaum lub loggia muaj sab phab ntsa thiab, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, yog recessed rau hauv lub tsev. Hauv lwm lo lus, huab cua sab nraud ua rau ntawm lub sam thiaj los ntawm peb sab, thiab ntawm lub loggia - tsuas yog los ntawm ib lossis ob, yog tias chav tsev yog angular.

Yuav ua li cas tshwm sim

Koj tuaj yeem insulate ob qho tib si, tab sis qhov kawg tshwm sim yuav txawv heev. Ib qho zoo-insulated loggia tsis txawv ntawm chav tsev. Nrog rau qhov cua sov, nws dhau los ua qhov chaw nyob puv ntoob rau kev siv txhua xyoo.

Vim tias tsis muaj cov phab ntsa ruaj khov, qhov thermal tsis kam ntawm lub sam thiaj insulated yog qhov phem dua - nws yog qhov yooj yim nyob rau ntawd kom txog thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg lig. Ib theem txaus yuav ua tiav nrog ib txheej ntxiv ntawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev, tab sis qhov no yog irrational vim qhov me me ntawm chav tsev. Tom qab ua kom sov, yuav luag tsis muaj qhov chaw dawb.

Dab tsi nrog glazing

Txij li thaum 25% ntawm cov cua sov poob rau ntawm qhov rais, nws ua rau kev nkag siab tias yuav tsum tau siv lub rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub loggia lossis lub sam thiaj nkaus xwb yog tias muaj lub qhov rais txuag hluav taws xob. Yog tias cov ntoo ntoo nrog ib lub iav raug teeb tsa, koj yuav tsum xub hloov lawv nrog cov niaj hnub.

Ob chav glazed qhov rais nrog lub thermal tiv thaiv ntau dua thiab tsuas yog ntsia tau rau ntawm loggias. Balcony floors muaj lub peev xwm tsis muaj zog, thiab feem ntau nws yuav tsis ua haujlwm rau mount cov qhov rais nyob ntawd.

2. Xav txog qhov tsim

Ua ntej pib ua haujlwm, koj yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab txog hom kev rwb thaiv tsev, xaiv qhov kev xaiv rau kev ua tiav cov phab ntsa thiab ua tiav hauv pem teb, thiab tseem txiav txim siab seb chav tsev yuav sov li cas. Tag nrho cov no yuav txiav txim siab tus tsim thiab algorithm rau nws installation.

Rwb thaiv tsev

Txij li thaum lub rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub sam thiaj lossis loggia yog nqa tawm los ntawm sab hauv, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom siv vapor-pov thawj kom tsis txhob muaj qhov sib xyaw ua ke thiab cov tsos ntawm fungus.

Extruded polystyrene ua npuas ncauj (EPS) yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau qhov no. Thaum ntsia nrog kev sib khi cov pob qij txha, nws tso cai rau koj los ua ib hom thermos tawm ntawm chav tsev, uas yuav khaws cov cua sov kom zoo los ntawm kev txiav tawm sab nraud txias. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nrog EPS, koj tuaj yeem ua tiav cov rwb thaiv tsev thermal txaus, siv qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm qhov muaj nuj nqis ntawm chav tsev.

Qee tus xav txog styrofoam tshuaj lom. Qhov no tsis muaj tseeb kiag li. Cov khoom siv yog cov nplaim taws tiag tiag thiab, thaum kub siab tshaj 60 ° C, emits cov khoom tsis zoo, tab sis qhov no tsis ua rau nws txaus ntshai, txij li EPS yog ib txwm them nrog kev ua tiav.

Phab ntsa kho kom zoo nkauj

Tom qab zoo rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub loggia lossis lub sam thiaj, koj tuaj yeem thov txhua hom kev ua tiav. Nyob ntawm cov txheej txheem xaiv, cov tshuab ua haujlwm ntawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev yog txawv me ntsis.

• Ntoo hauv ob sab phlu, PVC los yog MDF - panels - rau mounting rau ib phab ntsa, koj yuav tsum xub ua ib tug crate.
• Hniav plaster lossis putty ua raws li kev pleev xim - hom kev ua tiav no tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha rau cov rwb thaiv tsev.
• Wallpaper - txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws rau cov kua nplaum rau ntawm phab ntsa ntub dej, tsau rau ntawm cov ntoo crate.

Pem teb

Hauv pem teb ntawm lub loggia insulated tsis txawv ntawm hauv pem teb ntawm chav tsev, yog li tag nrho cov topcoats uas twb muaj lawm tuaj yeem siv rau ntawd. Txawm li cas los xij, rau txhua hom, koj yuav xav tau ib lossis lwm qhov version ntawm subfloor.

• Laminate, linoleum, ntaub pua plag yog nteg rau ntawm plywood los xij, chipboard (chipboard), DSP (cement chipboard) los yog OSB (oriented strand board) tsau rau saum cov cav ntoo.
• Vuas thiab porcelain stoneware yog nteg rau ntawm pob zeb screed.

Pem teb slabs ntawm balconies muaj ib tug tsawg load-bearing peev xwm, yog li ntawd, tsuas yog cov plag tsev ntawm cov ntoo cav raug tso cai rau lawv. Ntxiv rau qhov no, ntawm ntau lub hauv paus loggia, koj tuaj yeem ncuav lub screed rau nteg vuas.

Hauv ob qho tib si, yog tias xav tau, koj tuaj yeem nruab ib lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv pem teb cua sov. Qhov sib txawv tsuas yog rau kev tsim kho ntawm cov cav ntoo, siv cov yeeb yaj kiab infrared hauv pem teb, thiab rau cov screeds, cua sov cable lossis cua sov mats.

Cua sov

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias insulating lub sam thiaj lossis loggia tsuas yog tiv thaiv phab ntsa los ntawm kev khov thiab me ntsis nce qhov kub thiab txias piv rau txoj kev kub. Yuav kom tswj tau qhov zoo ntawm microclimate nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, koj tsis tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj cua sov.

Muaj peb txoj hauv kev los ua kom sov ib chav:

• Hluav taws xob underfloor cua sov yog qhov kim tshaj plaws thiab nyuaj rau kev xaiv, tab sis tib lub sij hawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab yooj yim.
• Convector - lub tshuab cua sov ntsia rau ntawm phab ntsa sab nrauv tuaj yeem qhib rau hnub txias tshaj plaws lossis tsuas yog thaum muaj neeg nyob hauv chav.
• Central cua sov radiator - raws li txoj cai ntawm RF LCD, tsab xov xwm 25. Hom kev tsim kho thiab kho dua tshiab ntawm thaj chaw nyob hauv ib lub tsev apartment raug txwv tsis pub hloov lub cuab yeej mus rau lub loggia lossis lub sam thiaj, tab sis yog tias qhov kev faib tawm raug tshem tawm lossis lub qhov rooj tas li. qhib, lub roj teeb yuav tiv nrog cua sov txawm tias los ntawm chav tsev.

3. Npaj qhov chaw

Tshem tawm cov khoom tawm, tshem tawm cov txee, hangers, thiab lwm yam khoom. Tshem cov xim qub thiab plaster ntawm phab ntsa. Yog hais tias muaj foci ntawm qhov txhab nrog ib tug fungus, tshem tawm nws thiab ua tib zoo kho qhov chaw nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb antiseptic, thiab ces qhuav tag nrho cov nto zoo.

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob tawg, kaw tag nrho cov qhov khoob nyob ib puag ncig ntawm lub laj kab fencing, nrog rau ntawm qhov sib txuas mus rau sab phab ntsa, pem teb thiab qab nthab. Tshem cov qub plaster ntawm cov pob qij txha thiab sau lawv nrog polyurethane ua npuas ncauj.

Cov kab hauv qab yog txiav tawm cov cua txias uas ntws los ntawm txoj kev thiab ua kom chav tsev nruj li sai tau.

4. Nruab lub qhov (socket) thiab teeb pom kev zoo

Yog tias koj npaj yuav siv qhov chaw insulated los ua qhov chaw kawm lossis chaw ua si, koj yuav tsum tau ua ntej mount cov hlua hluav taws xob. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, teeb tsa lub qhov (socket), teeb pom kev zoo thiab hloov pauv hauv qhov chaw raug.

Nws yog qhov zoo dua los khiav cov cables raws cov phab ntsa sab hauv uas nyob ib sab ntawm chav tsev. Nws tsis yog insulated, yog li tag nrho cov xaim tau yooj yim muab zais rau hauv lub thav duab lossis plaster txheej. Cov qhov (socket) thiab teeb pom kev zoo tuaj yeem txuas tau los ntawm lub qhov hluav taws xob ze tshaj plaws hauv chav. Tab sis kom muaj zog hauv pem teb sov, nws raug nquahu kom ua ib qho kev sib cais ntawm lub rooj tsav xwm faib khoom.

5. Kawm txog kev siv tshuab ua haujlwm nrog EPS

Expanded polystyrene yog muag nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm slabs nrog ib tug loj ntawm 60 × 120 cm thiab ib tug tuab ntawm 20 mus rau 150 hli. Cov nplooj ntawv muaj qhov ntsuas L-shaped raws li contour, uas yooj yim rau kev teeb tsa thiab tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo ntawm cov pob qij txha.

Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los kho EPSP rau cov phab ntsa. Qhov ntau tshaj plaws yog cov kua nplaum-ua npuas ncauj hauv balloons, uas yog siv nyob ib ncig ntawm daim ntawv thiab hauv nruab nrab. Lwm qhov kev xaiv yog kho nyob rau hauv cov ces kaum thiab hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub dowels-umbrellas nrog ib tug yas los yog hlau core. Tsis tas li ntawd, nthuav polystyrene txuas rau tag nrho cheeb tsam ntawm daim ntawv rau cov nplaum sib tov rau rwb thaiv tsev.

Txhawm rau tsim ib qho contour ntawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau kaw tag nrho cov pob qij txha. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tawm qhov khoob ntawm 10-15 hli nyob ze ntawm phab ntsa hauv cov ces kaum, hauv qab lub qab nthab thiab ze rau hauv pem teb, yog li ntawd tom qab ntawd lawv tuaj yeem ntim nrog polyurethane ua npuas ncauj. Nws raug nquahu kom muab cov pob qij txha nyob rau hauv lub xauv ntawm daim hlau nrog kua nplaum-ua npuas ncauj los yog kaw lawv nrog ntawv ci.

Qhov xav tau thickness ntawm rwb thaiv tsev tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog ib daim ntawv lossis nrog ob qho tib si. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, qhov kev xaiv thib ob yog qhov zoo dua, vim tias cov khoom tawg ntawm polystyrene ua npuas ncauj yog nruj nreem nyob ib sab thiab tsim ib txheej, thiab vim qhov kev hloov ntawm cov pob qij txha ntawm cov phaj, qhov siab tshaj plaws tiv thaiv tshuab tuaj yeem ua tiav.

Tom qab ua tiav ntawm txoj haujlwm, yuav tsum tau txais cov qauv tsis sib xws, qhov twg txhua daim ntawv ntawm EPSP haum zoo rau cov neeg nyob sib ze, thiab tag nrho cov pob qij txha ntawm lawv hauv cov ces kaum, hauv qab qab nthab thiab hauv pem teb raug kaw nrog polyurethane ua npuas ncauj.

6. Insulate lub parapet

Lub laj kab slab ciam teb rau txoj kev thiab raug huab cua txias tshaj plaws, yog li qhov siab tshaj plaws rwb thaiv tsev thickness ntawm no yog 80 hli. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv tsis yog ib daim ntawv 80-mm, tab sis "pie" ntawm slabs: 50 + 30 mm.

Yog tias qhov ntev tso cai, cov ntoo lathing yog mounted rau sab saum toj ntawm ob txheej ntawm EPSP, kho cov tuav nrog anchors los yog dowels ncaj qha los ntawm rwb thaiv tsev. Thaum qhov dav ntawm lub qhov rais sill yog txwv, lub crate yog fastened nrog 50 mm nthuav polystyrene ua npuas ncauj, thiab lub thib ob txheej ntawm rwb thaiv tsev yog muab tso rau ntawm lub thav duab tuav.

Yog tias plaster raug xaiv ua tiav, koj tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj kev tsim kho ntawm tus ncej. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, qhov sib tov yog siv ncaj qha mus rau saum npoo ntawm EPS. Yuav kom adhesion zoo dua, cov nplooj ntawv yuav tsum tau trowelled los yog khawb nrog ib tug niaj hnub hacksaw.

7. Insulate cov phab ntsa

Rau cov phab ntsa, ib txheej EPS ntawm 50 mm yog txaus. Txoj hauj lwm yog ua tib yam. Yog tias tsim nyog, cov nplooj ntawv raug txiav mus rau qhov xav tau loj nrog rab riam ntse. Txhawm rau koom nrog rau ib leeg, L-shaped xauv yog tsim ntawm lawv qhov kawg nrog tib rab riam.

Nws yog qhov zoo dua rau insulate nws nyob rau hauv ob txheej (30 + 20 mm), thiab fasten tus ncej ntawm EPS. Tab sis yog tias lub qhov rais tau teeb tsa yam tsis muaj cov khoom siv thiab qhov chaw raug txwv los ntawm qhov dav ntawm thav duab, txheej thib ob ntawm polystyrene nthuav dav tuaj yeem muab tso rau ntawm cov kab tuav.

Yog tias koj yuav plaster phab ntsa yav tom ntej, ces lub crate tsis xav tau. Nws yog txaus los kho cov nplooj ntawv thiab ua rau lawv nto ntxhib nrog ib tug grater los yog hacksaw.

8. Insulate lub qab nthab

Lub qab nthab ciam teb ntawm cov neeg nyob ze lub tsev, tsis nyob ntawm txoj kev. Yog li ntawd, tib EPS txheej yog txaus ntawm no raws li nyob rau ntawm phab ntsa - 50 hli. Kev tso yog ua raws li txoj cai uas paub. Txuas koj xaiv: kua nplaum-ua npuas ncauj, dowel-umbrella, kua nplaum sib tov. Expanded polystyrene yog ib yam khoom siv lub teeb heev thiab ntseeg tau rau lub qab nthab xwb nrog kua nplaum.

Thaum txhim kho, xyuam xim rau qhov siab ntawm lub qhov rais. Yog hais tias lub thav duab yog ntsia nyob rau hauv lub qab nthab nws tus kheej tsis muaj ntxiv profiles, ces vim ib tug tuab txheej ntawm rwb thaiv tsev, lub qhov rais sashes yuav tsis qhib. Coj mus rau hauv tus account lub thickness ntawm lub battens thiab xov kom tom qab installation muaj ib tug sib txawv ntawm tsawg kawg yog 5-7 hli mus rau lub sash.

9. rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb

Rau thermal rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb, EPSP nrog ib lub thickness ntawm tsawg kawg yog 50 mm, thiab zoo dua - 80 mm nyob rau hauv ob txheej. Extruded polystyrene ua npuas ncauj muaj ib tug high ntom thiab muaj peev xwm mas ib tug load ntawm mus txog 30 tons ib square meter, yog li ntawd nws muaj peev xwm pab tau raws li lub hauv paus ntawm lub hauv pem teb.

Tom qab kev teeb tsa ntawm EPSS, nws txaus los nteg plywood, chipboard, DSP los yog OSB - thiab nyob rau sab saum toj koj tuaj yeem nteg ib txheej txheej txheej zoo li laminate lossis linoleum. Thaum txhim kho zaj duab xis underfloor cua sov, koj thawj zaug yuav tsum tau nteg penofol los yog lwm lub tshav kub-reflecting substrate.

Nyob rau hauv lub ntees ntawm cov vuas los yog porcelain stoneware, ib tug reinforced cement screed yog poured ncaj qha mus rau lub EPSP, nyob rau hauv uas, yog hais tias xav tau, ib tug cable rhuab pem teb los yog thermomats yuav muab ntsia. Yog tias cov khoom cua sov muaj qhov me me, lawv tuaj yeem yooj yim tso rau hauv cov nplaum txheej thaum tso cov vuas.

Hauv pem teb ntawm lub sam thiaj lossis loggia ib txwm qis dua hauv chav, yog li ntau tus neeg nyiam coj lawv mus rau ib theem thiab tshem tawm cov kauj ruam. Qhov no yog ua tiav los ntawm kev siv lub cav los ntawm ib tug ntoo bar 50 × 50 mm los yog 40 × 40 mm.

Ua ntej, lub transverse joists yog pw nrog ib lub suab ntawm 40-60 cm thiab tsau rau slab nrog anchors. Tom qab ntawd cov qhov khoob ntawm lawv tau ntim nrog rwb thaiv tsev thiab foamed, thiab cov cav ntoo ntev nrog lub suab zoo sib xws tau txuas rau saum thiab theem. Tom ntej no, txheej thib ob ntawm rwb thaiv tsev yog nteg nrog npuas filling thiab plywood lossis lwm yam ntaub ntawv.

kaum. Ua kom tiav

Thaum kawg, lub qab nthab, phab ntsa thiab hauv pem teb yog trimmed. Yog tias plaster raug xaiv, tom qab ntawd ib lub mesh reinforcing yog glued rau sanded EPSP nto, thiab ces ob txheej ntawm plaster thiab xim yog siv.

Thaum cladding nrog clapboard, yas los yog MDF panels, cov ntaub ntawv molded yog txuas nrog ntoo ncej ntawm phab ntsa thiab qab nthab.

Rau wallpapering, txoj kev yooj yim tshaj yog sheathe phab ntsa nrog ya raws-resistant plasterboard. Siv lub crate ua ib lub thav duab, kaw cov pob qij txha ntawm cov nplooj ntawv nrog putty thiab, tom qab priming qhov chaw, nplaum lub wallpaper.

11. Txhim kho hauv pem teb npog

Cov theem kawg ntawm kev ua tiav yog kev teeb tsa ntawm cov txheej txheem tiav. Laminate yog nteg rau ntawm lub hauv paus npaj ua ntej los yog linoleum yog nteg. Yog hais tias lub tsev sov yog npaj, ces nws yog thawj ntsia. Tom ntej no, lub skirting boards yog mounted.

Qhov tshwj xeeb yog cov vuas. Vim tias cov txheej txheem ntub dej thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa, nws yog qhov zoo dua rau mount nws ntawm theem ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb thiab ua ntej pib ua haujlwm ntawm cov phab ntsa.