5 cov thev naus laus zis zoo uas yuav tsis muaj nyob yog tsis muaj kev tshawb nrhiav qhov chaw

2024 Tus sau: Malcolm Clapton | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:58

Kev tshaj tawm

Txhua zaus koj hloov lub TV channel lossis ntaus qhov chaw nyob hauv navigator, nws tshwm sim ua tsaug rau qhov chaw tshawb nrhiav thiab ya mus rau lwm lub ntiaj teb. Ua ke nrog peb qhia koj tias qhov kev txhim kho tau tuaj rau hauv peb lub neej los ntawm astronauts.

1. Satellite TV

Keeb kwm ntawm satellite TV pib thaum Lub Xya Hli 10, 1962: tom qab ntawd NASA tau tsim thawj lub xov tooj cua sib txuas lus mus rau hauv lub ntiaj teb. Telstar - 1 … Hnub tom qab, nrog nws kev pab, thawj satellite tshaj tawm tau ua nyob rau hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Telstar-1 ya nyob rau hauv lub elliptical orbit thiab nyob rau hauv ib lub orbit nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj chaw muab ib tug nruam teeb liab rau 20 feeb - tsuas yog 2 teev 37 feeb. Nws tuaj yeem muab ib qho kev tshaj tawm hauv TV lossis 60 hu xov tooj.

Nyob rau hauv lub USSR, ib tug satellite ntawm hom no hu ua "Liab-1": Nws tau mus rau qhov chaw thawj zaug hauv xyoo 1964, thiab thawj zaug tshaj tawm hauv TV tau tshwm sim hauv xyoo 1965. Lub Soviet satellite muab kev sib txuas lus ntawm Moscow thiab Vladivostok.

Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo, Tebchaws Asmeskas tau tsim lub geostationary satellite rau hauv lub voj voog ncig. Intelsat - 1 (Thaum ntxov noog): Qhov no tso cai rau lub teeb liab kom tswj tau ntev dua. Lub USSR tau tswj kom nce lub sijhawm tshaj tawm ob xyoos tom qab: lub teb chaws tsim nws tus kheej satellite network "Orbit" - cov cuab yeej kis tau cov teeb liab nyob rau hauv lem.

Thaum xub thawj, satellites tau siv tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig kev tshaj lij, tab sis maj mam lawv muaj rau txhua tus neeg. Hauv Asmeskas, piv txwv li, "cov tais diav" tau pib ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv lub yim caum: lub teeb liab tsis tau encoded thiab cov neeg siv tuaj yeem saib cov channel uas lawv ntes tau dawb. Nyob rau hauv 1994, satellites twb muab tsis tau tsuas yog analog, tab sis kuj digital broadcasting - tus naj npawb ntawm cov channel tau nce los ntawm qhov no.

Niaj hnub no, ntau tshaj 44 lab tsev neeg hauv Russia siv Them TV, ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lawv tau txais lawv cov teeb liab ntawm satellite. Lub ntsiab lus zais ntawm qhov nrov ntawm hom kev sib txuas no yog kev nkag tau yooj yim: nws tso cai rau koj saib ntau cov channel nyob txhua qhov chaw, txawm tias nyob hauv lub zos nyob deb. Txhua yam ua tsaug rau qhov chaw thev naus laus zis: tus kws kho mob xa xov tooj cua xa xov tooj cua mus rau lub satellite, thiab los ntawm qhov ntawd lawv nthuav tawm rov qab rau lub ntiaj teb.

Koj tuaj yeem ntes lub teeb liab yuav luag txhua qhov chaw, koj tsuas yog xav tau lub kav hlau txais xov tais. Nws khaws lub teeb liab los ntawm qhov chaw, hloov nws thiab xa mus rau lub satellite receiver, uas txiav txim siab nws, tig mus rau hauv daim duab thiab suab.

Cov duab txawv txawv ntawm lub phaj satellite tsis tau tsim rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tsim - lub concavity pab kom tau txais cov teeb liab zoo dua. Nws yog reflected los ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm "phaj" thiab, ua tsaug rau cov tsa sawv, mus rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov qauv, qhov chaw txais cov cuab yeej-lub hnab ntawv muab tso rau - qhov no tso cai rau koj kom tau txais ntau yam ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv zoo zoo.

Tam sim no lub peev xwm ntawm satellites yuav siv tau los ntawm TV tswv. Piv txwv li, ntau tshaj 12 lab tsev neeg saib TV satellite. Txhawm rau xa cov teeb liab mus rau ntau thaj tsam ntawm Russia, tus neeg teb xov tooj siv lub zog ntawm peb lub satellites.

2. Satellite Internet

Raws li Rosstat, kwv yees li 74% ntawm cov neeg Lavxias tau muab kev pabcuam siab Internet niaj hnub no. Qhov no yog qhov qhia tau zoo, tab sis nws yog qhov tseeb tsuas yog rau thaj chaw hauv nroog. Sab nraum nws, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov cottages, kev pab them nqi ntawm ob qho tib si ruaj thiab mobile tswv poob sharply, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sij hawm ncov, thiab cov teeb meem kev sib txuas lus tshwm sim. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, qhov chaw innovation - satellite Internet - txuag.

Tau ntev, muaj lus dab neeg hais tias hom teeb liab kis tau tus mob tsis tuaj yeem muab kev ruaj ntseg hauv Internet ceev. Qhov tseeb, satellite tswv nyob rau hauv Russia twb "overclocking" lub teeb liab mus rau 200 Mbit / s. Thiab tariffs rau satellite Internet los ntawm Tricolor ntawm speeds txog 100 Mbps (qhov no yog txaus los saib cov yeeb yaj duab nyob rau hauv Full HD thiab 4K) twb muaj nyob rau ntawm Kaliningrad rau Irkutsk.

Cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no qhia tau hais tias satellite Internet yog siv rau kev ua haujlwm thiab kev sib txuas lus ntawm kev sib raug zoo. Qhov kev thov rau qhov "qhov chaw pabcuam" no yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg siv ntiag tug thiab tau loj hlob tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sijhawm yuam kev cais tus kheej.

Low-orbit satellites (Starlink, ONEWEB) thiab lawv lub peev xwm tau dhau los ua qhov kev nyiam tshaj plaws thiab sib tham txog kev siv technology tshiab hauv ntu satellite Internet. Elon Musk lub tuam txhab tau tshaj tawm ntau cov lus hais txog qhov xav tau hloov pauv hauv kev lag luam high-tech. Cov kws tshaj lij feem ntau xav xav txog qhov project no taug txuj kev nyuaj txog tam sim no.

3. GPS navigator

Nug cov neeg txawj ntse kom nrhiav tau txoj hauv kev mus rau txhua qhov chaw hauv nroog, lub tebchaws lossis lub ntiaj teb thiab tsim txoj hauv kev zoo tam sim no zoo li yog ib txoj haujlwm yooj yim uas nws nyuaj rau xav txog lub neej yam tsis muaj nws. Tab sis yog tias tsis yog rau kev sib tw ntawm cov teb chaws nyob sab nraud thiab riam phom, tib neeg tseem yuav tau nrhiav txoj hauv kev nyob ib ncig ntawm daim ntawv qhia.

Lub tswv yim ntawm satellite navigation system tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub lig 50s nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States, tom qab lub community launch ntawm lub Soviet. Sputnik-1 … Cov kws tshawb fawb Asmeskas tau pom qhov kev cia siab ntawm qhov zaus ntawm lub xov tooj cua teeb liab ntawm txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub satellite nyob saum ntuj: thaum cov khoom mus txog, nws nce, thaum nws tsiv mus, nws txo qis. Lub sijhawm ntawd nws tau pom tseeb tias txoj haujlwm ntawm lub satellite tuaj yeem siv los txiav txim siab qhov nrawm thiab kev sib koom ua ke ntawm lub cev ntawm lub ntiaj teb thiab rov ua dua. Thiab yog li ntawd txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshuab tau pib.

Kev tsim cov txheej txheem navigation yog pib ua tub rog nkaus xwb: nws yuav tsum tiv thaiv Asmeskas ciam teb los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm Soviet. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-60s, thev naus laus zis tau sim los ntawm US Naval Research Laboratory: rau LEO satellites tau tsim thiab tsim tawm. Sijhawm - lawv ncig ib ncig ntawm tus ncej, thiab lub teeb liab los ntawm lawv tau ntes tau los ntawm submarines.

Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 70s, lub US Department of Defense twb koom nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob, thiab nyob rau hauv 1978 thawj satellite ntawm navigation system ya mus rau orbit. NAVSTAR (tom qab hu ua GPS). Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, 24 satellites tau launched - tag nrho cov khoom tshwm sim nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nyob rau hauv 1993, lub complex pib ua kom tiav nws cov hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub peb hlis ntuj 1994, thiab nyob rau hauv Tej zaum 2000, lub tebchaws United States qhib rau GPS rau lwm lub teb chaws.

Tam sim no txhua tus neeg tuaj yeem siv satellite navigation system. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv smartphones, smartwatches, ntsiav tshuaj, laptops thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws pab cov kws kos duab, cov neeg tshawb nrhiav, cov neeg cawm seej thiab lwm cov kws tshaj lij ua haujlwm.

4. Cov kev pabcuam geolocation

GPS muab rau peb tsis yog tsuas yog muaj peev xwm tshawb nrhiav thiab tsim cov kev ceev ceev. Peb siv satellite geolocation thev naus laus zis hauv smartphones txhua hnub: ntxiv cov cim npe rau Instagram, nrhiav daim pib dav hlau lossis mus ncig virtual, piv txwv li, mus rau Tebchaws Europe. Tag nrho cov no yog ua tau ua tsaug rau lub inertial navigation system (INS) ua rau hauv lub gadget, uas muaj gyroscopes (kev sib hloov sensors) thiab accelerometers (suab sensors). Nyob rau xyoo 1950, nws tau tsim los tswj cov dav hlau thiab cov cuaj luaj: lub kaw lus tso cai rau koj los saib xyuas qhov chaw ntawm lub cev tsis tu ncua, txiav txim siab nws txoj haujlwm, ceev thiab kev taw qhia hauv qhov chaw.

Thawj INS tuaj yeem tuav tag nrho lub dav hlau cockpit. Tam sim no lawv me me heev uas lawv tsuas pom tau nyob rau hauv lub tshuab microscope. Nyob rau hauv ib lub smartphone, lub kaw lus tso cai rau koj tsis tsuas yog saib xyuas qhov chaw, tab sis kuj hloov qhov kev taw qhia ntawm lub vijtsam - nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem saib cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm koj lub xov tooj ntawm tes hauv kev daws teeb meem tsis muaj qhov no. Lwm qhov kev pabcuam geolocation tseem ceeb yog kev tshawb nrhiav smartphone. Nws tso cai rau koj mus nrhiav thiab sai sai rov qab ib tug ploj gadget, kom tsis txhob muaj tub sab ntawm tus kheej cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm intruders.

5. Cov khoom siv wireless

Lub tsheb nqus tsev vacuum, blenders, xyaum thiab lwm yam khoom siv roj teeb yog cov kwv tij nyob deb ntawm ib lub dav hlau. Nws keeb kwm pib nyob rau hauv 1961, thaum NASA mus txog Black & Decker nrog ib qho txawv txav.

Rau kev ntoj ncig mus rau lub hli, cov neeg caij nkoj xav tau cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm yam tsis tau txuas nrog lub network: cov khoom siv roj teeb twb muaj nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, lawv tau tsim los ntawm Black & Decker. Tab sis yooj yim wireless technology rau lub davhlau ya nyob twg tsis txaus: nws yuav tsum tau ua hauj lwm haib, zoo thiab nyob rau hauv tsis tshua muaj neeg mob.

Yog li ntawd, tom qab ua ntau yam kev ntsuam xyuas, Black & Decker tau tsim ib lub pob zeb cordless rau drilling thiab retrieving lunar av. Thiab thaum lub sij hawm nws txoj kev loj hlob, lawv tuaj nrog ob peb lwm txoj haujlwm raws li cov thev naus laus zis no thiab ua kom yooj yim lub neej ntawm tib neeg hauv ntiaj teb, tshwj xeeb, lub tshuab nqus tsev nqus tsev vacuum thiab precision (piv txwv li high-precision) cov cuab yeej kho mob.

Lwm yam khoom siv wireless xws li lub mloog pob ntseg, nas lossis smartphones kuj tsis tas yuav muaj lub cable los khaws lub teeb liab, tab sis lawv ua haujlwm siv cov cuab yeej sib txawv. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshawb nrhiav qhov chaw tsis yog tsuas yog kev ua tiav kev tshawb fawb thiab muaj koob meej rau lub tebchaws. Nws muaj kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau peb cov haujlwm niaj hnub - los ntawm blogging mus rau tsev neeg tau txais kev sib tham pem hauv ntej ntawm TV.