9 thev naus laus zis los ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab "The Martian" uas muaj tam sim no

2024 Tus sau: Malcolm Clapton | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:58

Hnub no, Lub Kaum Hli 8, Ridley Scott zaj duab xis "The Martian" tau tso tawm. Daim duab qhia txog technologies uas, zoo li, peb tsuas yog npau suav ntawm. Qhov tseeb, ntau ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv lossis lwm qhov twb tau tsim los ntawm NASA, lwm tus - cov kws tshawb fawb yuav coj los rau hauv 20 xyoo. Qhov tseeb tias hnub no yog qhov tseeb, thiab tsis yog ntawv tseeb, peb tham txog hauv kab lus no.

Qhov chaw nyob module

Tus cwj pwm tseem ceeb ntawm zaj duab xis, Mark Watney, tseem nyob hauv chav nyob thaum pab neeg tawm mus. NASA astronauts nyob hauv HERA module rau 14 hnub, kev cob qhia rau kev mus ncig ntev.

Chaw ua liaj ua teb

Nyob rau hauv zaj duab xis, Watney hlob qos yaj ywm hauv ib lub tsev thaiv. Thaum Lub Yim Hli 2015, ntawm ISS, cov neeg caij nkoj tau tsa thiab saj cov zaub xam lav thawj zaug. Thiab nws zoo kawg nkaus. Tom ntej no nyob rau hauv kab yog txiv lws suav, radishes thiab cabbage.

Ion cav

Cov neeg coob hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab siv lub ion tsav mus rau Mars sai dua. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 2007, cov kws tshawb fawb twb tau siv lub ion tsav ntawm Dawn robotic interplanetary chaw nres tsheb kom txo qis kev siv roj thaum taug kev mus rau lub ntiaj teb dwarf Ceres. Tam sim no cov kws tshawb fawb tab tom txhim kho Hall effect motors.

Txais dej

Cov zis ua haujlwm ntawm ISS tsim cov dej ntshiab tshaj plaws. Jennifer Pruitt, NASA tus thawj coj engineer rau hloov cov zis rau hauv dej haus, hais tias nws yog huv dua li cov dej uas muaj nyob hauv ntiaj teb. Txhawm rau ntxuav cov kab mob, ib tee ntawm iodine ntxiv rau hauv dej, uas ua rau nws mob me ntsis. Tab sis qhov no yog ib qho yooj yim mus siv.

Zoo li Martian Mark Watney, cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm ISS rov ua dua txhua qhov tso zis, tawm hws, kua muag, thiab siv dej rau hauv dej haus.

Oxygen ntau lawm

Oxygen Generation System faib cov dej khib nyiab rau hauv oxygen thiab hydrogen.

Rover

Ntau lub rovers twb tau mus ncig lub ntiaj teb. Tab sis NASA tab tom txhim kho kev tsim qauv rau kev taug kev hla Mars thiab lub hnub qub nyob ze.

Spacesuit

NASA cov neeg ua haujlwm ua haujlwm ntawm Z-2 spacesuit, uas zoo li txawv txawv, tab sis yuav tso cai rau tib neeg los tshawb txog lub ntiaj teb liab. Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm Z-2 yog nws hardened qaum, uas yog tsim nyog rau kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv sab nrauv.

Ua tsaug rau cov luminous inserts, cov astronauts tuaj yeem pom nyob deb. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau muab cov quav kom cov neeg nyob hauv lub hnub qub tuaj yeem khoov lawv ob txhais tes thiab ob txhais ceg. Rotating bearings thiab hnav-resistant panels ua rau cov khaub ncaws muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab ntau lub xov tooj ntawm tes dua li cov qauv dhau los.

Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator (RTG)

Lub tshuab hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob thermal, uas tau tso tawm thaum lub sijhawm ntuj qhuav ntawm plutonium [328], thiab hloov nws mus rau hauv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Lub RTG tau nruab rau ntawm Curiosity rover. Nws tsim 110 watts - txaus rau lub teeb lub teeb.

Lub zog tso zis ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob yog me me, tab sis nws yog qhov yooj yim dua thiab sib zog dua li lub tshuab hluav taws xob nuclear siv cov saw hlau. RTG tsis muaj qhov txav mus los, tsis muaj kev saib xyuas thiab tau ua haujlwm tau ntau xyoo.

Hnub ci vaj huam sib luag

Hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yog ib qho kev xaiv zoo thiab muaj pov thawj rau kev muab lub dav hlau nrog lub zog.

Thaum kawg, peb xav kom koj saib cov yeeb yaj kiab rau zaj yeeb yaj kiab "The Martian", uas qhia txog qee qhov thev naus laus zis tau piav qhia saum toj no.