Lus Suav: kawm los tsis tau?

2024 Tus sau: Malcolm Clapton | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:58

Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav muab tswv yim tswv yim rau koj seb yuav kawm Suav thiab dab tsi koj yuav tsum xav txog ua ntej pib kawm Suav.

Qhov kev txiav txim siab pib kawm hom lus tshiab tuaj yeem txhawb nqa los ntawm ob qho tib si kev tsim nyog thiab kev xav ua raws li cov kev xav ntawm lub sijhawm. Yog hais tias yav dhau los los yog ua ntej centuries dhau los, muaj Fabkis los yog German yog tus qauv rau ib tug neeg kawm ntawv, niaj hnub no lus Askiv muaj kev ntseeg siab tuav xibtes. Tab sis ib tug tshiab neeg uas ua ntawv tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub arena, uas pib maj mam tawm ntawm nws cov neeg sib tw. Nws lub npe yog Suav.

Cov lus Suav, txawm tias tag nrho nws txoj kev nyuaj, tau nce tus naj npawb ntawm nws "cov neeg siv khoom" hauv xyoo tas los no. Txhua xyoo ntau thiab ntau tus neeg txawv teb chaws tsiv mus rau Suav teb los nyob, ua haujlwm, kawm lus. Qhov no txuas nrog, tau kawg, tsis yog nrog cov kab lis kev cai zoo lossis keeb kwm tshwm sim ntawm Tuam Tshoj, tab sis nrog nws txoj kev lag luam. Tuam Tshoj qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam tshiab, uas tau dhau los ua cov hlau nplaum rau cov neeg ua haujlwm raug rho tawm haujlwm thoob ntiaj teb thaum muaj kev kub ntxhov xyoo 2008, ua rau ntau tus neeg xav paub xav tig mus rau nws thiab nug cov lus nug: "Kuv puas yuav tsum kawm Suav?"

Yuav kom nkag siab seb nws puas tsim nyog noj Suav lossis tsis yog, koj yuav tsum teb koj tus kheej rau ob lo lus nug:

1. Vim li cas kuv thiaj xav tau Suav?

2. Kuv txaus siab siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas?

Muaj ntau ntau yam sib txawv rau kev kawm Suav

1. Txhim kho koj lub qab ntug, kawm qee yam tshiab.
2. Kawm lwm hom lus txawv teb chaws (rau tus zuam, rau daim ntawv qhia ua haujlwm, kom muaj kev hwm tus kheej).
3. Kawm cov kab lis kev cai ntawm Tuam Tshoj, nyeem cov lus qhuab qhia thiab cov paj huam Suav thaum ub hauv cov lus qub.
4. Saib cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm Jackie Chan, Jet Li thiab Bruce Lee hauv thawj lub suab ua yeeb yam.
5. Ua lag luam nrog Tuam Tshoj.
6. Nkag mus rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv suav.
7. Nrog kuv tsev neeg mus nyob suav teb.
8. Kuv xav kawm qee yam lus, tab sis qee qhov kuv tsis nyiam European.
9. Kuv xav kawm yuav ua li cas sib txuas lus txhua hnub nrog kuv cov tub ntxhais kawm Suav.

Nyob rau theem no, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog txiav txim siab koj lub siab nyiam rau koj tus kheej. Lawv txoj kev nkag siab yuav hloov cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsim "kawm Suav". Tag nrho cov laj thawj saum toj no rau kev kawm Suav yuav xav tau ntau txoj kev npaj sib txawv thiab lub sijhawm sib txawv ntawm koj, yog li nws tsim nyog piav qhia hauv daim duab ua ntej.

Teem peb lub hom phiaj hauv kev kawm Suav

1. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev kawm Suav "kev lom zem", nws yuav txaus rau sau npe rau qee qhov kev kawm thiab mloog cov podcasts, nug koj cov neeg Suav paub los qhia hieroglyphs. Nyob rau theem no, kev sib tham peppy nrog ib tug neeg Suav nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm "Hello, koj nyob li cas?" tej zaum txawm yuav suav hais tias yog qhov kawg ntawm kev kawm Suav.
2. Yog hais tias ib tug neeg xav kawm ib hom lus rau ib tug zuam los yog xav tias txias, ntawm no txhua yam yog ib qho nyuaj heev. Koj txhais li cas lub qab nthab thiab lub hom phiaj? Kev nyeem ntawv dawb ntawm cov ntawv thaum sawv ntxov? Nyeem ntawv tsis muaj phau ntawv txhais lus? Los yog nkag siab cov xov xwm hauv TV thiab muaj kev sib tham nrog ib tus kws paub txog nom tswv Suav? Yog tias koj tsis txhais koj lub hom phiaj hauv kev kawm Suav, koj yuav tsis hnov qab thiab ua tiav. Nrog rau txoj hauv kev no, koj tuaj yeem kawm ib hom lus tag nrho koj lub neej, tab sis koj yuav tsis ua tiav koj lub hom phiaj (tom qab tag nrho, tsis muaj!).
3. Yog hais tias ib tug neeg xav tau, piv txwv li, nyeem nyob rau hauv thawj Nobel laureate Mo Yan los yog lwm yam ntaub ntawv Suav, ces qhov tseem ceeb yuav tsum yog sau ntawv Suav. Yog hais tias lub hom phiaj yog nyeem, ces hais lus Suav nrog nws cov lus thiab mloog yuav tsum xyuam xim relegated mus rau keeb kwm yav dhau, freeing lub sij hawm rau sayings, phraseological units, artsy literary lus thiab Suav keeb kwm.
4. Txhawm rau saib cov yeeb yaj kiab Suav ua cov lus qub, yuav tsum muaj kev mloog zoo thiab kev txawj lus. Kev sib tham lus Suav tseem yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev hais lus, vim hais tias kev mloog zoo tsuas yog ua tau yog tias tus neeg hais lus zoo. Kev saib cov yeeb yaj kiab yuav tsum muaj kev cob qhia ntau los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij ntawm cov lus Suav, thiab tsuas yog kev nyem nws muab yog tias cov yeeb yaj kiab tuaj yeem nres thiab saib cov lus tsis paub (uas tsis tuaj yeem ua thaum sib tham). Rau cov neeg uas xav saib cov yeeb yaj kiab Suav hauv lawv cov lus qub, nws kuj yog qhov tsim nyog los txiav txim siab txog hom xinesmas. Rau cov yeeb yaj kiab laconic, ntau cov lus niaj hnub tsim nyog, uas tuaj yeem ua tau zoo hauv lub sijhawm luv luv, thaum nyob rau hauv keeb kwm epics koj yuav tsum tau haus cov kev tsim kho zoo nkauj thiab cov lus qub uas koj yuav tau siv ntau xyoo kom nkag siab yam tsawg ib nrab. ntawm zaj duab xis.
5. Nws yog qhov yooj yim heev rau cov neeg lag luam. Ntawm no koj yuav tsum tau hais lus Suav zoo (txawm hais tias txawm hais tias muaj lus tsis zoo), muaj peev xwm nkag siab thiab ua haujlwm nrog Suav tus lej, kev paub txog cov lus siv hauv kev thauj mus los thiab kev nkag siab txog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ua lag luam nrog Tuam Tshoj. Txawm hais tias koj yuav tsis mus sib tham nrog Suav ntawm koj tus kheej, tab sis npaj yuav ntiav ib tus kws txhais lus rau cov hom phiaj no, nws tseem ua rau kev kawm lus Suav. Ua ntej, koj yuav nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus dav dav nkag siab txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm koj tus neeg txhais lus thiab tus khub tab tom tham txog, thiab qhov thib ob, koj yuav ua siab mos siab muag yam tsis muaj kev pab cuam ntawm tus neeg txhais lus hauv Suav teb, uas tsis zoo rau lub neej ntawm cov neeg txawv teb chaws.
6. Yog tias koj tab tom npaj nkag mus rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv qib siab hauv Suav teb, tom qab ntawd qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm kev xa khoom HSK (TOEFL analogue rau Suav). Ua li no, koj yuav tsum tau cob qhia koj tus kheej hauv HSK kev xa khoom, uas tuaj yeem siv sijhawm luv luv. Ob tug ntawm kuv tus hluas nkauj ntse coj HSK qib 8-9 (tawm ntawm 12) yam tsis tau mus rau Celestial Empire. Tab sis kev mus kawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv tom qab dhau HSK ntawm qib 4-6 yog ib qho, tab sis kev kawm nyob rau qhov sib npaug nrog Suav yog lwm qhov. Txhawm rau nyeem cov ntawv sau ntawm tes ntawm cov ntawv dub thiab nkag siab cov lus tsis yog tus qauv ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv Suav, ib tus dhau HSK yuav tsis txaus. Qhov no yog vim li cas ntau tus neeg thov tuaj yeem sau npe rau cov kev npaj npaj mus ntev li 1-2 xyoos. Thiab txawm tias qhov kev npaj no feem ntau tsis txaus. Yog li nws tsim nyog lees paub tias kev kawm qib siab hauv Suav teb yog qhov ntev ntev uas yuav xav tau kev cog lus tag nrho ntawm lub sijhawm thiab kev siv zog ntau xyoo.
7. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm emigration mus rau lub Celestial faj tim teb chaws, txhua yam yog heev yooj yim. Koj txoj hauj lwm yog kom paub cov hauv paus ntawm Suav, uas yuav ua rau koj lub neej xis nyob. Qhov xwm zoo yog tias thaum koj kawm Suav ntawm qee qib, koj tsis tas yuav siv sijhawm los tswj nws - koj qib yuav qis qis.
8. Yog tias koj tsuas yog xav kawm ib hom lus txawv teb chaws, piv txwv li, txhawm rau txhim kho kev nco, ces Suav tsis yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws, vim hais tias hom lus no yuav tsum tau siv sijhawm ntau thiab siv zog ntau dua, piv txwv li, Spanish lossis German. Koj tsis tuaj yeem nqa nws ib zaug: rau kev nce qib tsawg kawg hauv Suav, tsawg kawg 3-4 teev ntawm chav kawm ib hnub yuav tsum tau. Yog tias koj xyaum tsawg dua, koj yuav tsis hnov qhov kev vam meej, uas txhais tau hais tias lub siab xav kawm cov lus yuav maj mam ploj mus.
9. Txhawm rau cuam tshuam nrog koj cov phooj ywg Suav, koj tseem yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm hnyav thiab nqis peev tsawg kawg lub hlis ntawm kev cob qhia hnyav. Raws li kuv tau hais, tsis muaj kev pib sai hauv Suav, yog li tus naive "Yuav ua li cas hais qhov no hauv Suav?" tsis muaj dab tsi tsim nyog rau tus tswv yuav tsis ua haujlwm.

Thaum koj tau txiav txim siab koj lub siab xav kawm Suav, nws yog lub sijhawm los teb koj cov lus nug thib ob (txog sijhawm).

Qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb hauv Suav yog nyob rau hauv hieroglyphs, uas muaj ntau txhiab. Thiab tsis yog txhua tus ntawm lawv yog qhov yooj yim thiab muaj laj thawj kom nco tau zoo li, piv txwv li, neeg (rén - person), qhov twg koj yuav pom ib tug ntev-legged taug kev txiv neej. Los yog, piv txwv li, 口 (kǒu - mouth)uas zoo li lub qhov ncauj. Thaum kawm ob lub hieroglyphs no, tus menyuam kawm ntawv yuav xav tsis thoob thaum kawm tias ob lub hieroglyphs ua ke - 人口 (rénkǒu) - txhais tau tias "cov pej xeem". Nws yog logical npaum li cas!

Tab sis cov cim yooj yim no, uas cov menyuam yaus Suav pib nkag siab txawm tias ua ntej lawv paub cov txuj ci ntawm kev taug kev, zoo li qhov poob hauv dej hiav txwv uas koj haus hauv thawj lub hlis ntawm kev kawm Suav. Kuv yuav tsis tham txog lub suab, hais lus, lus thiab lwm yam pitfalls hauv kev kawm Suav - qhov no yog ib lub ntsiab lus rau ib tsab xov xwm.

Pitfalls hauv kev kawm Suav

Lub ntsiab ntxiab ntawm Suav yog tias, tau kov yeej thawj qhov pib hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov hieroglyphs yooj yim, me ntsis ntawm cov suab lus thiab qhov tsawg kawg mloog tsis zoo, tus neeg, nrog rau kev mob siab rau thiab muab tias nws nyob hauv Suav teb, yuav qhia. tangible kev kawm nyob rau hauv kev kawm lus Suav. Thawj lub sijhawm tshem tawm no tuaj yeem kav ib xyoos lossis ob xyoos. Txhua rau lub hlis tom ntej nws yuav zoo li tias muaj kev ntxhov siab me ntsis, uas ntxiv rau lub hlis - thiab koj cov Suav. Tab sis qee qhov hauv xyoo peb, vim qee qhov, nws hloov tawm tias kev kawm Suav tau dhau los ua nyuaj.

Feem ntau, tom qab 3-5 xyoos, Sinologists pib txiav txim siab txog lawv txoj haujlwm. Ib tug neeg mus rau hauv ib tug binge, paub hais tias lub nra hnyav dhau heev lawm, ib tug neeg tawm hauv lub Celestial faj tim teb chaws los kua muag, ib tug neeg tab tom nrhiav rau lub ntsiab lus tshiab ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj, thiab ib tug neeg muab lawv tus kheej nrog ib tug nees koob tshuaj optimism thiab mus ntxiv. kev sib ntaus sib tua tsis sib haum no. Tsuas yog cov uas pheej niaj hnub muaj sia nyob, thiab lawv dhau los ua ib nrab Suav nrog lawv txoj kev xav thiab kev coj noj coj ua.

Lwm qhov "zoo" surprise hauv Suav yog tias thaum nyob hauv Suav teb, koj yuav tsis tshua hnov zoo, zoo Mandarin (cov lus tseem ceeb ntawm Celestial Empire). Hauv Suav teb loj thiab muaj neeg coob coob, muaj ntau pua (yog tias tsis yog txhiab) ntawm cov lus hauv zos uas tawm hauv lawv cov cim ntawm kev hais lus ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv Celestial Empire. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho 5 xyoo uas kuv tau siv nyob rau hauv Suav teb, kuv tau ntsib nyob rau hauv feem ntau ib tug kaum os cov neeg Suav uas hais lus Suav dawb huv, thiab lawv ua hauj lwm hauv TV. Txawm tias kuv tus Xib Fwb Suav tsis yog tsis muaj kev txhaum: nws hais lub suab uas lub suab yuav tsum yog.

Ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm qhov txawv ntawm Mandarin tuaj yeem ua suab yog ib ntu ntawm ib qho yeeb yam, qhov twg txawm tias tus tswv tsev hais lus, txawm hais tias zoo, tab sis tsis yog tus qauv Mandarin nrog rau yav qab teb tsw, txhua lub sijhawm tam sim no thiab tom qab ntawd siv lub suab "dz" es tsis yog "j. ".

Thaum lub sijhawm koj siv mus txog qib zoo hauv Suav (los ntawm txoj kev, lub tswv yim tsis meej heev), koj tuaj yeem paub 2-3 hom lus European ntawm qib siab. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej dhia mus rau hauv Suav, koj yuav tsum xub ntsuas qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo thiab txiav txim siab seb qhov kev ua si puas tsim nyog rau tswm ciab.