Puas yog Malamza lo lus foom phem? Thiab ua li cas txog lub ragfuck? 10 cov lus muaj zog los ntawm Dahl cov lus, lub ntsiab lus uas koj tsis xav twv

2024 Tus sau: Malcolm Clapton | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:58

Qee qhov piv txwv no yooj yim xav txog hauv kev hais lus niaj hnub thiab.

Vladimir Ivanovich Dal tau luam tawm nws "Phau ntawv txhais lus piav qhia ntawm V. I. Dal" Phau ntawv txhais lus piav qhia ntawm Lub Neej Zoo Lus Lavxias "ntawm Lub Neej Zoo Lavxias" nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th. Thawj tsab muaj ntau dua 200 txhiab lo lus, suav nrog ntau cov lus hais - capacious, sonorous, nthuav. Nov yog qee qhov piv txwv, uas ib zaug ua rau nws pom tau tias muaj ntau haiv neeg thiab kaj lug Lavxias teb sab lus.

1. Anchutki

Nyob rau hauv East Slavic mythology V. V. Artyomov. Slavic encyclopedia anchutka - me ntsis dab phem, dab. Nyob rau hauv lub fairy taleas Aleksey Remizov "Bathing Anchutki" yog hais tias cov no yog cov me nyuam ntawm bannik, "lawv lawv tus kheej me me, dub, furry, hedgehog ob txhais ceg, thiab lub taub hau liab qab, uas yog ib tug Tatar, thiab lawv yuav kikimors, thiab tib yam mob ruas.” Ntxiv rau qhov da dej, Achutki tuaj yeem nyob hauv cov teb thiab cov chaw cia khoom.

Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus "anchutki" nyob rau hauv Dahl phau ntawv txhais lus yog "dab ntxwg nyoog". Nws kuj muaj cov lus qhia "haus dej rau anchutki" - zoo ib yam li cov neeg paub, tej zaum, rau txhua tus "haus dej rau dab ntxwg nyoog."

2. To bum

Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus no yuav tsis yooj yim rau unravel yog tias peb nco qab tus me nyuam cov phooj ywg "byaka", uas txhais tau hais tias tej yam phem, qias neeg. Thiab ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus qhia "byakat", uas peb pom hauv Dahl phau ntawv txhais lus, yog "ua tej yam phem, tsis zoo."

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov lus qhia no txhais tau tias "kom bleat zoo li yaj," uas yog qhov laj thawj: lo lus nws tus kheej zoo li onomatopoeia "byashkam". Nrog rau lub ntsiab lus no los ze zog rau hauv lub ntsiab lus thiab lwm yam - "hais los yog nyeem indistinctly, mumble." "Vim li cas koj bleating?!" - Peb tig mus rau ib tus neeg thaum peb npau taws los ntawm kev hais lus tsis raug cai.

Lwm lub ntsiab lus ntawm "byakat" yog "pob, poob nrog khob, tsoo." Nws zoo li tsis tshua pom tseeb, tab sis txawm nyob ntawm no ib tus tuaj yeem xav tias onomatopoeia: "byak" zoo ib yam li lub suab ntawm cov khoom poob.

3. DAB

Tsis yog, tsis muaj typo ntawm no. Tej zaum, cov neeg ua liaj ua teb ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th muaj cov lus hais zoo heev, vim lawv tuaj yeem hais tau lo lus no, uas txhais tau tias "ua haujlwm ua liaj ua teb; cawm, cawm." Dahl kuj tseem muab cov lus zoo sib xws rau "dbat" - "gono-do".

4. Cov neeg saib mob

Ntau tus neeg paub txog qhov kev qhia "yuav daws cov nuns." Tab sis zoo li cas ntawm nuns lawv? Ib zaug hu ua qaub ncaug ntws los ntawm daim di ncauj. Lub npe no muaj ib lub ntsiab lus ntxiv - "drooping, drooling di ncauj." Lo lus yog outdated, tab sis lub cim xeeb ntawm nws tseem nyob rau hauv lub nrov phraseological chav tsev.

5. Kev

Cov no yog cov yeeb yuj Persian wool thom khwm. M. Fasmer coj hauv pem teb. Phau ntawv txhais lus etymological ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus los ntawm Turkish los yog Azerbaijani, qhov twg nws txhais tau tias "socking, stocking, leggings", thiab nws muaj lwm yam kev sau ntawv thiab hais lus - "dzhurapki", "shurapki".

6. Chaw

Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus qub no yooj yim twv: nws yog lub npe ntawm phuam. Phau ntawv txhais lus hais tias "chalice" tau pom nyob rau hauv cov nkauj. Tseeb, lo lus nws tus kheej qhia txog kev ua haujlwm zoo, tab sis tib lub sijhawm nws suab zoo heev. Dahl cites nws nyob rau hauv phau ntawv txhais lus nkag "Rubbing", thiab kuj muab ib tug xav paub thiab zoo nkauj zoo sib xws - "scrub".

7. Kev

Nws zoo li kev foom phem, tab sis qhov ntawd tsis yog nws. Txawm hais tias, yog tias xav tau, lo lus "malamza" tuaj yeem siv los ua ib lo lus muaj zog.

Tab sis Dahl sau tias qhov no yog tus txiv neej dig muag, thiab ntxiv cov lus piav qhia nrog cov lus xav paub - "squint".

8. Lub teb chaws

Cov lus "lub teb chaws" thiab "ntseeg" tam sim ntawd los rau hauv siab. Thiab qhov kev xaus no yog kom deb ntawm qhov tseeb - nyob rau hauv Dahl lub "lub teb chaws" yog muab nyob rau hauv phau ntawv txhais lus nkag "Lub teb chaws".

Lo lus no muaj ntau lub ntsiab lus sib txawv. Ib tug ntawm lawv yog ib tug nruab nrab "neeg txawv txawv". Txawm hais tias, tej zaum, qhov no muaj qhov tsis zoo: lawv ntshai cov neeg txawv teb chaws tam sim no, thiab txawm tias ntau dua.

Lwm lub ntsiab lus ntawm "liab" - "eccentric, unsociable"; "Tswj, neeg phem"; "Zoo, vwm, ruam." Tag nrho cov no yog cov yam ntxwv tsis zoo, lub hauv paus chiv keeb uas feem ntau yuav nyob hauv tib xenophobia. Los ntawm txoj kev, ib tug nthuav synonym yog qhia rau lub ntsiab lus ntawm "vwm" - "vajtswv-willed".

Tab sis lo lus "lub teb chaws" tsis yog siv rau tib neeg nkaus xwb. Lwm lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv nws yog "tsis muaj tseeb, tsis muaj tseeb, tsis muaj tseeb", thiab nws yog qhov tseeb txuas nrog lub npe "tseem ceeb".

Tab sis lub ntsiab lus ntawm "lub hom phiaj, lub hom phiaj" yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg rau cov neeg niaj hnub hais lus Lavxias thiab nug cov lus nug, tab sis Dal txawm li cas los xij qhia nws rau lo lus "lub teb chaws".

9. Khurdy-murdy

Tsis yog hukhry-muhry, ntawm chav kawm, txawm hais tias cov lus no muaj ib feem ntawm lub ntsiab lus. Qhov no kuj yog lub npe rau cov khoom vaj khoom tsev, khoom, thiab txhua yam khib nyiab, khib nyiab.

Lo lus ci no tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog lus Askiv cov khoom (hauv kev hais lus - khib nyiab, khib nyiab, sib tham), uas tam sim no qee tus siv hauv Lavxias. Yog li yog tias koj ntxhov siab los ntawm kev tswj hwm ntawm cov lus Askiv, koj tuaj yeem teb cov lus txawv teb chaws "khoom" nrog "khurdy-murdy". Los yog xaiv los ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus sib npaug uas Dahl cites - "sharabara" thiab "butor".

10. Ncaim

Shushlepnem hu ua ib tug tub nkeeg, ib tug bummer, ib tug tub nkeeg. Muaj ib tug version uas M. Vasmer tshwm sim. Lub etymological phau ntawv txhais lus ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus yog ib lo lus los ntawm cov lus qhia "slap".

Nws yog ib qho kev khuv leej uas nws tsis siv hauv kev hais lus: nws suab zoo heev. Kuv tsuas yog xav pom los ntawm ib tus neeg nyiam blogger ib yam dab tsi zoo li "Kuv yog ib tug goofy hnub no, vim kuv tsis nyob hauv cov peev txheej".