Tej yam yooj yim ce los txhawb koj lub cim xeeb

2024 Tus sau: Malcolm Clapton | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:58

Ib qho excerpt los ntawm phau ntawv qhia uas yuav ua rau nws yooj yim rau nco qab thiab khaws cov ntaub ntawv koj xav tau hauv koj lub taub hau.

Tshooj 6. Nyob zoo Andrey! Cov tswv yim rau kev cim npe thiab lub ntsej muag

Dale Carnegie

Nco ntsoov tias rau ib tug neeg, lub suab ntawm nws lub npe yog lub suab qab zib thiab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm tib neeg hais lus.

Nws yog ib qho kev cob qhia me me nrog tsuas yog kaum tus neeg koom. Thaum pib, peb raug hais kom sawv ntsug, qhia peb tus kheej thiab qhia me ntsis txog peb tus kheej.

Kuv zaum hauv nruab nrab thiab, thaum lwm tus tuaj koom qhia qhov tseeb funny, xav txog kuv zaj dab neeg.

Thaum nws yog kuv tig, kuv muab tso ua ke, zoo li jigsaw puzzle, nthuav cov xwm txheej hauv ib daim duab, nthuav tawm sai sai rau kuv tus kheej thiab zaum rov qab. Exhaling lub hlwb, raws li kuv txhawj xeeb heev ua ntej qhov kev ua yeeb yam, kuv qhuas kuv tus kheej thiab, txaus siab, txuas ntxiv mloog cov hais mav ntxiv.

Tom qab ob peb feeb, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev cob qhia pib.

Txhua yam mus zoo siab thiab zoo nkauj, mus txog rau thaum ua ntej so, kuv xav tsis thoob - dab tsi yog lub npe ntawm txhua tus tswv cuab ntawm peb pawg?

Pasha, Ksyusha, Sasha … nws yooj yim heev kom nco ntsoov sawv daws. Kuv xav zoo li, yog tias tsis yog superman, ces twv yuav raug hu qee yam ntawm superhero … Nws siv ob feeb. Thiab ces qhov so pib, thiab kuv saib cov paib.

Tso dag

Feem ntau, kuv muaj lub cim xeeb zoo rau cov npe … Kuv tsuas yog tsis nco qab lub npe twg yog koj li.

Sasha tig tawm los ua Cyril, Ksyusha - Nastya, thiab Pasha … Kuv twv txoj cai nrog Pasha. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, kuv raug npe tsuas yog peb ntawm kaum. peb! Tab sis kuv yog tus kws paub txog kev txhim kho kev nco …

Vim li cas peb tsis nco qab tib neeg lub npe?

Tso dag

Tag kis tom qab lub party, tus ntxhais tuaj txog rau daim iav, cov phooj ywg rau hauv nws thiab sim nco ntsoov: "Hmm, tsis yog, tsis yog … Los yog tej zaum … tsis yog, zoo, tsis muaj!" Ib lub suab qw nrov ntawm chav tom ntej: "Katya, ua tshais!" - “Tau kawg! Kuv yog Katya!"

Thaum ntsib ib tug neeg, kev saib xyuas ntawm ib tug neeg feem ntau yog qhia rau txhua yam, tab sis tsis yog rau lub npe ntawm tus interlocutor.

Peb lub hlwb tsis khoom nrog kev xav: yuav ua li cas kuv saib, thiab kuv yuav hais li cas tam sim no, kuv yuav qhia kuv tus kheej li cas?.. Kuv xav tias kuv muab lub teeb? Koj puas tau kaw qhov rooj? Auj, txias dog! Qhov no yog husky, tej zaum … Thiab hais txog. Feem ntau, xav txog txhua yam tshwj tsis yog lub npe.

Thiab peb tsis nco qab qhov peb tsis mloog. Yog tias peb tsis tsom ntsoov, ces tsis zoo li peb yuav nco ntsoov lub npe ntawm tus neeg. Qhov no yog thawj qhov laj thawj.

Qhov thib ob yog vim li cas cov npe yog abstract thiab nyuaj rau xav txog. Tsis tshua muaj neeg yuav hais tias: "Kuv nco koj lub npe, tab sis kuv tsis nco qab koj lub ntsej muag!" Ib txwm ua lwm txoj hauv kev, thiab qhov no yog vim peb pom lub ntsej muag, tab sis tsis yog npe.

Qhov thib peb yog vim li cas tsis muaj kev sib txuas ntawm lub npe thiab tus neeg. Nws txhais li cas? Muaj cov xwm txheej thaum koj nco qab cov npe, tab sis rau leej twg raws nraim lawv yog - tsis yog. Qhov no tshwm sim thaum koj ntsib ntau qhov ntau. Muaj kev tsis meej pem - peb hu Ksyusha Nastya, Kirill Pasha, thiab lwm yam. Suab paub?

Cov ntsiab lus. Txhawm rau cim npe kom zoo, koj yuav tsum daws peb qhov teeb meem:

1. Tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam.
2. Hloov lub npe rau daim duab.
3. Txuas lub npe nrog ib tus neeg.

Cov txheej txheem "Kev nthuav dav"

Kuv tau so tag nrho 15 feeb los kho qhov xwm txheej thiab nco txog cov npe ntawm txhua tus hais mav hauv chav kawm, siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Thiab kuv txiav txim siab ua nws siv cov txheej txheem "Kev nthuav dav". Nws muaj tsib yam ua:

1. Ua ntej sib yuav, hais "Koj lub npe yog dab tsi?"
2. Nrhiav kom paub meej qhov txawv ntawm tus neeg lub ntsej muag.
3. Hloov ib tug neeg lub npe rau ib daim duab.
4. Muab cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb thiab cov duab hauv lub npe.
5. Rov ua lub npe thaum kawg ntawm hnub.

Cia peb ua tib zoo saib ntawm txhua qhov chaw.

1. "Koj lub npe hu li cas"

Rau ob lossis ob zaug ua ntej koj pib sib tham, hais cov lus no rau koj tus kheej. Qhov no yuav pab tsom ntsoov rau tus neeg lub npe.

2. Kev nthuav dav

Nws yog dab tsi?

Thaum peb mus xyuas cov phooj ywg, peb dai lossis muab cov khoom tso rau hauv ib qho chaw (piv txwv li, lub tsho ntawm lub hanger, ib lub hnab lossis lub tsho rau sab nraub qaum ntawm lub rooj zaum) kom tom qab ntawd, thaum peb mus tsev, peb tuaj yeem nrhiav tau yooj yim. lawv.

Nws zoo ib yam ntawm no: tus neeg lub ntsej muag yog lub hanger uas peb yuav dai lub npe. Ntawd yog, lub ntsej muag yog peb lub palace ntawm kev nco.

Dab tsi yog qhov txawv?

• Pob ntseg (loj, me, protruding).
• Qhov muag (loj, sunken, bulging, almond-puab, nqaim).
• Qhov ntswg (nqaij, qos yaj ywm, fleshy).
• hwj txwv.
• taub hau.
• Lub puab tsaig.
• Cov plaub muag (nyias, pleev xim, tuab, shaggy) thiab lwm yam.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov ntawm no: dab tsi ua ntej catches koj lub qhov muag yuav yog qhov txawv feature.

Cia peb saib ib qho piv txwv. Ua tib zoo saib ob daim duab (Daim duab 15). Yuav ua li cas koj highlight raws li ib tug txawv txawv nthuav dav?

Yog hais tias kuv yuav tsum nco ntsoov lawv cov npe, ces nyob rau hauv thawj daim duab kuv yuav highlight lub qhov muag, thiab nyob rau hauv lub thib ob - daim di ncauj.

Koj kawm tau li cas los qhia cov ntsiab lus ntawm tib neeg lub ntsej muag?

• Tshawb xyuas koj lub ntsej muag kom ntxaws. Thiab tom qab ntawd nws yuav yooj yim dua rau koj kom pom qhov sib txawv ntawm lwm tus neeg. Qhov no yog li cas txoj cai sib piv yuav ua haujlwm. Piv txwv li: nws ob lub qhov muag yog nyias dua li kuv; Kuv muaj ib lub qhov ntswg, thiab nws muaj ib tug crochet. Koj yuav pib pom qhov sib txawv sai dua, thiab yog li, qhia cov ntsiab lus rau khaws cov npe.
• Xaiv ib qho kev nthuav dav txhua lub lim tiam thiab sim kawm los ntawm txhua tus neeg koj ntsib thaum nruab hnub.

Piv txwv li, lub lim tiam no koj xaiv pob ntseg. Tam sim no, los ntawm txhua tus neeg koj ntsib, sim ua kom lawv tawm. Dab tsi yog lawv, lawv txawv li cas ntawm ib leeg, thiab lwm yam.

Ua tib lub lim tiam tom ntej nrog ib daim sib txawv.

3. Hloov ib tug neeg lub npe rau ib daim duab

Yuav ua li cas?

• Peb xaiv cov duab raws li cov lus sib dhos: Egor - aax, Lena - kav hlau txais xov.
• Los yog los ntawm qhov zoo sib xws ntawm cov ntawv / consonance: El vira - el f. Koj tuaj yeem khaws ob daim duab: elf + pitchfork.
• Nws kuj tuaj yeem yog koj tus kheej koom nrog lub npe no. Piv txwv li, Sasha yog ib tug maus taus. Tsuas yog vim koj tus phooj ywg thaum yau yeej ib txwm nyiam maus taus.

Tseem ceeb! Muab cov duab mus tas li rau cov npe. Piv txwv li, Egor yuav ib txwm yog "ax". Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev ceev thiab zoo ntawm kev nco.

4. Txuas ib qho kev nthuav dav thiab ib daim duab rau lub npe

Txhua yam yog qhov tseeb ntawm no, thiab cia peb saib cov piv txwv tam sim ntawd.

• Ib tug txiv neej hu ua Yegor ntsib koj. Nws muaj plaub muag tuab. Tuaj nrog lossis nco ntsoov ib daim duab rau lub npe no thiab khi rau koj pob muag. Cia nws yog "axes" tam sim no, thiab tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem xav txog yuav ua li cas ib tug axes entangled hauv pob muag.
• Koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov ib tug ntxhais hu ua Nadezhda. Wb hais tias nws muaj qhov muag loj. Kuv daim duab nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm Nadezhda yog ib tug compass. Kuv xav txog tej yam compasss ntws los ntawm tus ntxhais no lub qhov muag zoo li kua muag.

5. Khaws cov ntaub ntawv

Txhawm rau khaws cov ntaub ntawv mus ntev, siv SIP.

Siv cov algorithm no, kuv nco tag nrho cov txiv neej hauv 25 vib nas this. Ob peb zaug kuv tau khiav nws raws li SIP algorithm thiab thaum kawg ntawm kev cob qhia kuv tau yooj yim nco cov npe ntawm txhua tus neeg koom. Thiab qhov no txawm hais tias qhov thib ob ntawm qhov kev cob qhia tau qhia ntau heev thiab muaj kev ntxhov siab ntawm kev xav hauv kuv lub taub hau.

Cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv: rau qhov ceev ntawm kev nco, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xaiv cov duab rau cov npe zaus ua ntej. Koj tuaj yeem ua koj tus kheej lossis sau rau kuv ntawm [email protected], thiab kuv yuav xa koj cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv rau tag nrho phau ntawv.

Spaced Repetition System (SIP)

Peb tau tham me ntsis hauv tshooj thib ob hais txog yuav tsis nco qab cov ntaub ntawv sai npaum li cas. Thiab ua ntej peb txheeb xyuas qhov kev rov ua haujlwm zoo, cia peb txhuam qhov peb twb paub txog Ebbinghaus thiab nws cov kev tshawb fawb.

Nyob rau xyoo 1980, German psychologist Hermann Ebbinghaus txiav txim siab los txiav txim siab qhov ceev ntawm tsis nco qab cov ntaub ntawv. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, nws tau sau cov lus tsis muaj txiaj ntsig los ntawm cramming, suav nrog ob tus lej thiab tus lej ntawm lawv (gov, tab, mos, tych, shim, thiab lwm yam).

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev sim no, uas kav ntev li ob xyoos, yog qhov kev txiav txim siab hauv qab no: tom qab thawj qhov yuam kev-dawb rov ua dua, tsis nco qab ua haujlwm sai heev - thawj 20 feeb peb poob txog 40% ntawm tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv.

Tom qab ib teev, kwv yees li 60% ploj, thiab tom qab ib hnub, yog tias tsis muaj dab tsi ua nrog cov ntaub ntawv, tsis pub ntau tshaj 33-35% ntawm nws yuav nyob hauv lub taub hau (Fig. 16).

Qhov xaus uas tuaj yeem kos tau ua tsaug rau kev tshawb fawb ntawm Ebbinghaus yog cov hauv qab no: yog tias koj xav khaws qee yam hauv koj lub cim xeeb ntev, rov ua dua.

Txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab zoo tshaj plaws rov ua dua yog kev xyaum. Nyeem, kawm ib yam dab tsi muaj txiaj ntsig - ua ib qho kev npaj ua thiab ua cov ntaub ntawv koj tau paub.

Thiab yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem siv tam sim ntawd cov kev paub tau txais thiab tib lub sijhawm koj xav nco ntsoov cov ntaub ntawv ntev, siv qhov kev sib txuas lus rov ua dua (SIP).

Raws li qhov tsis nco qab nkhaus, psychologists qhia cov algorithm hauv qab no rau cov ntaub ntawv rov qab:

• Thawj qhov rov ua dua yog ua tiav tam sim tom qab nco.
• Qhov thib ob yog 20 feeb tom qab thawj zaug rov ua dua.
• Qhov thib peb yog ib hnub tom qab qhov thib ob rov ua dua.
• Plaub - ob lossis peb lub lis piam tom qab peb rov ua dua.
• Thib tsib - ob lossis peb lub hlis tom qab rov ua dua thib plaub.

Thaum kuv sim no system, kuv tsis nyiam nws. Kuv tau ua qhov thib peb rov ua dua - Kuv nco qab, tab sis kuv nco txog oh-oh- maj mam, zoo li thawj zaug rov ua dua. Thiab ntawm qhov rov ua dua thib plaub (tom qab ob lossis peb lub lis piam), nws tau pom tias qee cov ntaub ntawv tau ploj lawm, thiab nws yuav tsum tau rov ua dua.

Nws tsis yooj yim rau kuv siv cov algorithm no, tab sis, raws li lawv hais hauv ib phau ntawv nto moo heev, "nrhiav thiab koj yuav pom" - thiab kuv pib tshawb nrhiav …

Siv tau SIP

Kuv qhov kev tshawb nrhiav los ntawm kev cob qhia, cov phau ntawv thiab cov khoom coj kuv mus rau cov txheej txheem hauv qab no, thawj zaug, lub tswv yim ntawm cov txheej txheem no tau hais los ntawm Nikolai Yagodkin. - Kwv yees. tus sau.:

1. Peb nco txog ib yam dab tsi.
2. Peb ua thawj repetition tam sim ntawd.
3. Peb tsis tos 20 feeb, tab sis tam sim ntawd tom qab thawj zaug rov ua dua peb ua ob peb zaug ntxiv ua ke.
4. Tom qab ntawd peb pib rov ua dua ntawm lub sijhawm.

Vim li cas thiaj siv tau?

Xav txog tias koj nyob hauv lub tsev pheeb suab hauv hav zoov thiab yuav mus ntsib ib tus phooj ywg uas nyob tsuas yog peb lub tshav ncaws pob deb ntawm koj. Thiab, ib txwm, tsis muaj lwm txoj hauv kev, koj tsuas yog yuav tsum mus dhau cov thickets.

Koj taug kev qeeb heev, raws li cov hav txwv yeem cuam tshuam, tab sis koj tseem txav mus thiab tom qab ib pliag koj mus txog koj tus phooj ywg. Hooray! Koj tau txais kev sov siab thiab kev nplij siab, thiab koj nyob ntawm ib tog twg rau qee lub sijhawm.

Thiab yog li cas? Tau kawg, koj yuav tsum tau mus tsev, thiab koj yuav tsum tau mus tib txoj kev - los ntawm ib thaj teb ntawm thickets.

Thaum koj mus xyuas ib tug phooj ywg, cov nyom, uas tsis tau txiav ntawm lub hauv paus, tab sis tsuas yog nyob rau saum toj, loj hlob dua, thiab raws li nyob rau hauv ib tug fairy taleas - ib lub taub hau raug txiav tawm, ob tug tshiab loj hlob nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw.

Tab sis koj tseem yuav tsum tau rov qab los, thiab koj mus tsev nrog kev nyuaj tib yam li thawj zaug.

Nws zoo ib yam nrog peb cov lus rov qab.

Thaum peb nco ib yam dab tsi, peb tsim kev sib txuas tshiab ntawm cov neurons. Thiab thaum qhov kev sib txuas no tsis muaj zog heev, cov ntaub ntawv tseem nco tau maj mam thiab tsis nco qab sai. Thiab yog tias peb pib rov ua dua nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev (raws li cov kws kho mob hais tawm), ces cov nyom yuav loj hlob thiab nws yuav nyuaj heev kom dhau.

Tab sis yog tias peb, piv txwv li, taug kev rov qab los ntawm peb lub teb ob peb zaug ua ke thiab tram ib txoj kev, ces peb yuav mus nrawm dua, thiab cov nyom yuav loj hlob qeeb heev, puas yog? Yog li ntawd!

Qhov ntawd yog, yog tias peb rov hais dua qhov peb tau kawm ntau zaus ua ke, qhov kev sib txuas ntawm neural yuav ua rau muaj zog, cov ntaub ntawv yuav nco tau sai dua thiab tsis nco qab qeeb dua. Thiab qhov no yog qhov peb xav tau.

Ib zaug ntxiv, raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov algorithm rau kev rov ua haujlwm zoo:

1. Nco ntsoov ib yam dab tsi - ua thawj zaug rov ua dua.
2. Tam sim ntawd tom qab thawj zaug rov ua dua, ua ob peb zaug ntxiv ua ke (peb, tsib, kaum).
3. Peb rov qab ua ntu zus - tom qab 20 feeb, tom qab ntawd ib teev lossis ob zaug tom qab nco, thiab yog tias tsis muaj qhov yuam kev, ces peb muab ob npaug rau lub sijhawm rov ua dua.
4. Peb rov ua yam tsawg kawg peb hnub ua ke peb zaug ib hnub: thaum sawv ntxov, noj su thiab yav tsaus ntuj (ib teev lossis ob zaug ua ntej yuav mus pw), thiab tom qab ntawd rov ua dua tom qab ib lim piam, ob, ib hlis, ob, plaub, yim. … thiab lwm yam.

Leitner lub thawv

Rau kev rov ua dua tshiab, koj tuaj yeem siv Anki app, lossis yog tias koj xav ua yam tsis muaj gadgets thiab nyiam sau los ntawm cov ntawv teev lus zoo tib yam, koj tuaj yeem ua Leitner thawv.

Nws yooj yim heev thiab xis nyob heev.

Nqa plaub lub thawv. Nyob rau thawj zaug, sau - txhua hnub, thib ob - ib zaug ib lub lim tiam (thiab sau hnub, piv txwv li, Thursday), nyob rau peb - ib hlis ib zaug (thiab sau tus lej, piv txwv li, txhua tus lej thawj), ntawm thib plaub - ob zaug ib xyoos (piv txwv li, 5 Lub Xya Hli thiab 5 Lub Kaum Ob Hlis).

Thawj lub thawv muaj tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv uas koj nyuam qhuav nco thiab rov ua dua thawj peb hnub. Peb hnub tom qab, koj muab nws tawm ntawm lub thawv no - kos nws, thiab yog tias tsis muaj qhov yuam kev, cov ntaub ntawv no raug xa mus rau lub thawv thib ob. Yog tias muaj qhov yuam kev, ces peb rov nco cov ntaub ntawv no thiab tso nws rau peb hnub ntxiv rau hauv thawj lub thawv.

Tom qab ntawd txhua hnub Thursday peb saib mus rau hauv lub thawv thib ob, tau txais tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm qhov ntawd thiab kos nws. Yog tias tsis muaj qhov yuam kev, cov ntaub ntawv mus rau lub thawv thib peb thiab raug kuaj xyuas ib hlis ib zaug, yog tias muaj qhov yuam kev, peb thawj zaug rov nco txhua yam, thiab xa cov ntaub ntawv no rov qab mus rau thawj lub thawv.

Leitner thawv yog ib qho cuab yeej siv tau yooj yim rau kev teeb tsa qhov chaw rov ua dua. Sim nws.

Kev tawm dag zog: qhia peb cov neeg sib txawv yuav ua li cas rov qab tau cov ntaub ntawv zoo kom khaws cia rau lub sijhawm ntev.

Andrey Safronov yog ib tug neeg uas muaj lub cim xeeb tshwj xeeb, tus kws qhia ntawv ntawm mnemonics thiab tus yeej ntawm kev txawj ntse kev ua si Inchamp nyob rau hauv qeb "Memory". Hauv nws phau ntawv qhia "Super Memory hauv Xya Kauj Ruam," nws tau sau cov pov thawj thiab cov kev ua haujlwm yooj yim uas yuav pab txhim kho kev nco, qhia koj txog kev khaws cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog hauv koj lub taub hau, thiab yog li ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig hauv kev ua haujlwm lossis kev kawm. Koj tsis tas yuav muaj peev xwm txawv tshaj plaw lossis cov cuab yeej ntse kom ua tiav cov haujlwm tiav, tsuas yog kev mob siab rau thiab sib xws.