Cov txheej txheem:

9 lub tswv yim tsis meej txog cov cuab yeej cuab tam medieval uas cov yeeb yaj kiab qhia peb
9 lub tswv yim tsis meej txog cov cuab yeej cuab tam medieval uas cov yeeb yaj kiab qhia peb
Anonim

Peb yuav debunk ib feem ntawm cov lus dab neeg hais txog cov cuab yeej cuab tam uas tsis tau muab tshem tawm rau lub hlis, kev tiv thaiv tawv, uas cov neeg tua neeg liam tias nyiam, thiab ntau dua.

9 lub tswv yim tsis meej txog cov cuab yeej cuab tam medieval uas cov yeeb yaj kiab qhia peb
9 lub tswv yim tsis meej txog cov cuab yeej cuab tam medieval uas cov yeeb yaj kiab qhia peb

Lus dab neeg 1. Kev tos txais tub rog yog txuam nrog kev nqa lub visor

Knightly armor: burgundy kaus mom hlau nrog caj npab folding
Knightly armor: burgundy kaus mom hlau nrog caj npab folding

Muaj ntau qhov kev xav hais tias yog vim li cas cov tub rog niaj hnub no "coj nws hauv qab hood" los ntawm kev sib tham.

Ib lub suab nrov zoo li no. Nyob rau hauv cov hnub, thaum cov tub rog hnav ris tsho, thaum lawv ntsib, lawv tsa lub visors ntawm lawv cov kaus mom hlau, qhia lawv lub ntsej muag. Ua ntej, ua li no lawv paub cov neeg paub hauv lawv chav kawm. Qhov thib ob, los ntawm kev tsa lub visor, tus tub rog tau qhib nws lub ntsej muag rau kev ntaus, uas txhais tau hais tias nws tau qhia nws tus phooj ywg nws txoj kev ntseeg siab thiab kev xav zoo. Thaum kawg, lub kaus mom hlau tau kov nrog sab tes xis, uas txhais tau hais tias nws tsis tuaj yeem nqa riam phom rau hauv nws.

Txoj kev xav zoo zoo, tab sis tsis muaj pov thawj ntseeg rau nws.

Ntau hom kaus mom hlau los ntawm kev qub txeeg qub teg thiab dhau los ntawm Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog raug muab tshem tawm 1.

2. tsis muaj txhua, thiab tsis muaj dab tsi nqa. Thiab txij li xyoo 1700, lawv tau xyaum ploj mus los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv Tebchaws Europe. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, txhua tus neeg saib xyuas tus kheej ntau dua lossis tsawg dua cov neeg saib xyuas tus kheej muaj lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab ntawm lawv cov armor thiab chij, uas tseem cim lawv cov subordinates, thiab tsis tas yuav tsum paub txog ib tug neeg los ntawm kev pom.

Knightly armor ntawm Grigor Clegan. Tua los ntawm series "Kev Ua Si ntawm Thrones"
Knightly armor ntawm Grigor Clegan. Tua los ntawm series "Kev Ua Si ntawm Thrones"

Cov ntaub ntawv Askiv xyoo pua 17th qhia tias "kev coj ua ntawm kev ua tub rog kev qhuas yog kev tshem tawm ntawm lub taub hau." Los ntawm 1745, txawm li cas los xij, Coldstream Guard tau yooj yim cov txheej txheem vim tias lawv muaj lub kaus mom dais loj heev. Cov neeg saib xyuas tau qhia kom "kov lawv lub taub hau nrog lawv txhais tes thiab hneev thaum lawv hla lawv cov thawj coj." Thaj, qhov kev lig kev cai no kis tau los ntawm cov neeg Askiv thoob plaws ntiaj teb.

Lus dab neeg 2. Nyob rau hauv armor, koj yuav tsum hnav saw saw

German chain mail ntawm lub xyoo pua 15th
German chain mail ntawm lub xyoo pua 15th

Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov kev xav tsis zoo tshaj plaws. Supposedly tag nrho cov knights muab tso rau thawj ib tug gambeson-nyob rau hauv-ris tsho, ces saw mail (ib lub tsho hlau ua los ntawm ntau fastened rings), thiab tsuas yog nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm uas - armor.

Nws suab zoo heev, tab sis tsis muaj knight yuav hnav saw mail thiab armor tib lub sijhawm, vim nws tsis yooj yim heev. Chain-mail ntaub tiag tiag ntxiv dag zog rau qhov chaw tsis zoo hauv cov pob qij txha. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib daim tiab ua los ntawm nws tau siv los npog lub puab tsaig thiab sab nraub qaum.

Tab sis ib lub tsho hlau tsis tau hnav hauv qab lub tsho tiv no. Tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm hais txog xws li "cov ris tsho hnav ris tsho" - qhov no yog ib qho kev tsim ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam niaj hnub thiab cov kws sau paj huam.

Lus dab neeg 3. Chainmail tsis tiv thaiv dab tsi

Sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Arsuf. Engraving los ntawm Gustave Dore
Sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Arsuf. Engraving los ntawm Gustave Dore

Cov lus dab neeg yav dhau los mus koom tes nrog lwm tus - supposedly saw mail nws tus kheej tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv los ntawm dab tsi. Yog li ntawd, cov medieval knights sai sai tso tseg nws, hloov mus rau tag nrho cov phaj armor.

Nyob rau hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab, cov tub rog hauv kev xa xov nkaus xwb yog, raws li txoj cai, cov khoom ntxiv thiab cov neeg siv uas tsuas muaj peev xwm tuag hauv cov nag ntawm xub xub. Nws ntseeg tau tias lub tsho ua los ntawm cov nplhaib hlau yog ib qho pheej yig heev thiab yooj yim, thiab yog tias nws zoo rau txhua yam, nws tsuas yog ua tiav nrog cov cuab yeej cuab tam.

Hauv kev muaj tiag, cov saw xa ntawv tau muab kev tiv thaiv zoo los ntawm kev tho thiab txiav riam phom, thiab los ntawm cov xub. Piv txwv li, ntawm Kev Sib Tw ntawm Arsuf xyoo 1191, Saladin cov archers raug rho tawm haujlwm ntawm cov neeg tua neeg ntawm Richard I tus Lionheart.

Thiab koj xav li cas - cov knights tsis tau xyuam xim rau lub hneev ntawm lawv cov tw txhua.

Cov neeg Muslim chronicler Baha ad-Din ibn Shaddad tau piav qhia txog qhov txaus ntshai li cas cov neeg tua neeg, nrog kaum tus xub tawm hauv lawv cov ntawv xa ntawv, txuas ntxiv mus tua tsis raug mob. Richard yeej ib tug txiav txim yeej hnub ntawd.

Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, phaj armor hloov cov saw xa ntawv, tsis yog vim qhov kawg yog qhov yooj yim. Tsuas yog forging cuirasses tau ua sai dua li manually rub cov hlau, txiav nws thiab ua rings, thiab ces weaving rau hauv daim ntaub.

Lus dab neeg 4. Cov ris tsho ci ntsa iab hauv lub hnub

Castenbrust knightly armor. Lub thaj ntawm lub Cathedral ntawm Saint Bavo hauv Ghent
Castenbrust knightly armor. Lub thaj ntawm lub Cathedral ntawm Saint Bavo hauv Ghent

Hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab thiab TV yeeb yaj kiab, nrog rau ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev cia puav pheej, armor feem ntau pom polished kom ci. Tsis muaj qhov xav tsis thoob, thaum peb xav hais txog (lossis thuam) ib tus neeg muaj koob muaj npe thiab kev coj ncaj ncees, peb hu tus neeg no "tus tub rog hauv cov ris tsho ci ntsa iab."

Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tseeb, feem ntau, cov ris tsho medieval yog 1.

2. tsis ci. Feem ntau nws tau blackened, uas yog, npog nrog nplai, los yog pleev xim rau tiv thaiv nws los ntawm corrosion.

Yog li saib hauv cov cuab yeej tiag tiag, zoo li hauv daim iav, yuav tsis ua haujlwm.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntaub cloaks thiab capes, uas tau hu ua "surco", tau hnav dhau lub tsho tiv no. Lawv ua kom muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas tus tub rog, txij li lub tsho tiv no tau siv rau lawv - lawv tus kheej lossis tus thawj tswj hwm. Cov khaub ncaws kuj tiv thaiv lub tsho tiv thaiv los ntawm tshav kub los ntawm lub hnub rays, nrog rau los nag thiab av.

Knightly armor ntawm Gustav kuv, King ntawm Sweden, 1540
Knightly armor ntawm Gustav kuv, King ntawm Sweden, 1540

Nws tsuas yog los ntawm kwv yees li 1420 tias armor pib hnav tsis muaj lub kaus mom. Qhov no hu ua dawb armor. Cov phiajcim tau polished nrog lub pob zeb pumice los tiv thaiv xeb, tab sis lawv tsis dazzling ib yam. "White armor" yog kim heev thiab yuav tsum tau saib xyuas loj, yog li nws tau txais kev pab ntau zaus raws li ib tug ceremonial attire tshaj li ib tug tub rog ib pab tub rog.

Tswv yim 5. Cov cuab yeej zoo yuav tsum muaj lub xub pwg nyom loj

Tua los ntawm cov yeeb yam "Warcraft"
Tua los ntawm cov yeeb yam "Warcraft"

Cov kiv cua ntawm Warcraft ntug tau paub txog qhov cliché no. Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub fantasy, lub xub pwg pads feem ntau yog portrayed li loj heev disproportionately. Thiab nws yog qhov tsis nkag siab kiag li lawv cov tswv hnav lawv li cas, txawm tias lawv tsawg kawg peb zaug cov leeg nqaij orcs.

Qhov ntev ntawm qhov tiag "amice", raws li daim ntawv ntawm armor no kuj hu ua, yog ntau npaum li cas.

Lawv tsis txwv kev txav ntawm txhua qhov thiab tso cai rau kev fencing zoo, thaum tiv thaiv lub xub pwg nyom, caj dab thiab, qee zaum, hauv siab.

Hauv keeb kwm tiag tiag, tsuas yog samurai nyiam lub xub pwg nyom loj - cov neeg Nyij Pooj, ib txwm muaj lawv tus kheej qhov chaw. Tsuas yog lawv tau ua lawv cov sode los ntawm daim hlau txuas nrog cov hlua lo lo ntxhuav. Thaum archery los yog fencing, lawv tsiv rov qab kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam, thiab npog lawv txhais tes tsuas yog thaum lawv txo qis.

Lus dab neeg 6. Knights hnav armor yam tsis tau tshem

Nws puas muaj tseeb tias knightly armor tau hnav tsis tau tshem tawm
Nws puas muaj tseeb tias knightly armor tau hnav tsis tau tshem tawm

Muaj kev xav tias nws yog qhov nyuaj heev thiab siv sij hawm los muab cov cuab yeej knightly. Cov txheej txheem raug liam tias yuav siv sijhawm ob peb teev, thiab ob peb lub squires pab tus tub rog. Tom qab lawv ua tiav, cov tub rog yuav cia li hnav ris tsho thiab yuav tsis muaj peev xwm tshem tau lawv ntawm nws tus kheej.

Qhov no txhais tau hais tias txhua lub sijhawm ntawm kev sib tw, tus Noble Chevalier tsuas yog yuav tsis tshem nws cov cuab yeej rau lub lis piam, lossis txawm lub hli. Vim li no, nws yuav stink wildly, thiab loj thiab me me yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo nyob rau hauv lub armor.

Nyob rau tib lub "Kev Ua Si ntawm Thrones" Aub thiab Brienne Tart nqa lawv cov cuirasses thiab saw xa ntawv rau lawv tus kheej hauv txhua qhov xwm txheej, tsis txhob hloov lawv cov khaub ncaws.

Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yog qhov tseeb. Cov cuab yeej sib ntaus sib tua tiag tiag nrog kev pab los ntawm squire tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv 5-7 feeb. Txhob ntseeg kuv - saib daim video no.

Koj tuaj yeem ua nws ib leeg hauv ib nrab ib teev, vim tias koj yuav tsum tau tinker nrog laces. Txawm li cas los xij, tseem muaj armor nrog tsawg kawg ntawm kev sib raug zoo.

Cov knights thiab lawv cov tub rog tsis muaj qhov xav tau lossis muaj peev xwm taug kev hauv armor 24/7 - tom qab tag nrho, qhov no tsis yog Space Marine nplua nrog kev txhawb nqa lub neej. Yog hais tias koj saib ntawm lub medieval tapestries, koj yuav pom tias cov tub rog hnav lawv ib txwm hnav ris tsho thaum tsis sib ntaus sib tua.

Cov cuab yeej tau muab tso rau sai sai 1.

2. Tam sim ntawd ua ntej kev sib ntaus sib tua lossis kev sib tw thiab ua yeeb yaj kiab thaum tsis xav tau. Thaum lub Peb Hlis Ntuj, cov knights hnav quilted gambeson, uas yog ob qho tib si khaub ncaws thiab ris tsho hauv qab. Lawv lawv tus kheej tau ua haujlwm zoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv riam phom, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los ntawm kev txiav tshuab. Nws yog qhov yooj yim dua rau kev txiav tawm hauv gambesone dua li nqa 25 kilograms ntawm cov hlau ntoo txhua lub sijhawm.

Lus dab neeg 7. Tsis muaj armored tsho

Tseem los ntawm zaj duab xis "Wonder Woman"
Tseem los ntawm zaj duab xis "Wonder Woman"

Ib qho kev tiv thaiv ib txwm rau ntau yam Amazons thiab elves hauv kev npau suav yog qhov hu ua armored bra - armor uas muab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub hauv siab. Feem ntau nws yog txawm peem rau nrog cutouts los nthuav qhia cov poj niam ntxim nyiam, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsis saib xyuas nws tsis yog txawm tias ib tug saw mail bikini.

Tej zaum, tsis tas yuav piav qhia vim li cas cov cuab yeej no hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tiag tiag yuav tsis tiv thaiv dab tsi.

Kuj tseem muaj ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov poj niam cov cuab yeej cuab tam hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab, TV qhia thiab kev ua si, uas zoo li cov cuirasses zoo tib yam, tsuas yog nrog lub mis protruding. Saib ntawm lawv, ntau tus kiv cua ntawm "kev npau suav tiag tiag" tso cai tshaj tawm tias cov cuab yeej no yog, hauv paus ntsiab lus, ua tsis tau thiab tsis muaj leej twg yuav tsim lawv.

Feem ntau, nws ua rau kev nkag siab. Ua ntxiv protrusions ntawm lub cuirass 1. 2. E. Oakeshott. European Riam phom thiab Armor: Los ntawm Renaissance mus rau Industrial Revolution txhais tau tias txo nws cov kav ntev. Thiab cov poj niam nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawd tsis nquag txib tub rog thiab tsis sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej kab.

Tab sis, xav tsis thoob, lub tsho tiv thaiv lub tsho tiv no tau tshwm sim. Ua tib zoo saib ntawm no Daim iav bronze mis / Christie's los ntawm Art Gallery ntawm New South Wales hauv Sydney. Qhov no yog ib tug Indian armor ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th, thiab ib tug txiv neej. Cov tub rog Indian hnav cov poj niam ob lub mis ntawm lawv cov cuab yeej ua cim ntawm kev mob siab rau tus vajtswv poj niam Varaha, uas lawv pe hawm.

Brass bib, India
Brass bib, India

Yog li ntawd, "armored lifts" nyob rau hauv qee txoj kev tseem muaj. Lwm qhov yog tias nyob rau hauv medieval Europe lawv yeej tsis tau sau tseg. Yog hais tias ib tug poj niam xav tawm tsam hauv lub eeb ntawm kev sib tw lossis ntawm kev sib tw (cov xwm txheej no tsis tshua muaj, tab sis muaj), nws yuav muab cov txiv neej cuirass tsis muaj teeb meem.

Txawm tias qhov zoo nkauj tshaj plaws bust, yuav muaj qhov chaw nyob ntawd: lub tsho tiv no tsis haum nruj rau lub cev txhawm rau txhawm rau them nyiaj rau qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov cuab yeej los ntawm kev ua tsov rog hammers.

Tswv yim 8. Lub kaus mom txias no tsuas yog hloov tsis tau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua

Knightly Armor: German Stehelm
Knightly Armor: German Stehelm

Ua tib zoo saib daim duab no. Qhov no yog stechhelm, los yog "toad's head". Muaj zog tiv thaiv lub ntsej muag thiab caj dab. Lub kaus mom hlau ruaj khov txuas nrog lub cuirass thiab npog tag nrho cov neeg hnav lub ntsej muag, ua rau nws xyaum ua kom tsis muaj zog txawm tias raug ntaus ncaj qha nrog lub lancet.

Nyob rau hauv ntau yam hauj lwm ntawm "tsaus" fantasy, nws tsuas yog ib yam dab tsi uas cov neeg phem tiag tiag nqa ntawm lawv lub taub hau, aiming ntawm tus ncej ntawm qee yam ntawm tus Tswv ntawm kev phem. Lub taub hau no ntxiv rau tus neeg hnav cov duab, koj paub.

"Nqaij taub hau" zoo nkaus li ominous thiab menacing. Tsuas yog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua nws tsis tau siv.

Qhov no yog kev sib tw kaus mom hlau uas tau hnav tshwj xeeb rau kev sib tsoo equestrian. Tus tsim shtehhelm muab kev nyab xeeb, tab sis tso cai rau koj saib rau pem hauv ntej thiab tsuas yog nrog koj lub taub hau qaij. Nws yog tso cai thaum ib tug tub rog gallops raws cov npe - ib qho kev sib tw rau kev sib tw nrog kev xaiv, muab faib ua ib qho thaiv kom cov neeg caij tsheb tsis sib tsoo.

Tab sis nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tiag tiag, "toad lub taub hau" yuav tiv thaiv tus tswv los ntawm saib dab tsi tshwm sim ntawm ob sab ntawm nws, thiab yuav ua rau nws xyaum tsis muaj kev pab. Qhov no yog cov khoom siv ua kis las, tsis yog khoom siv sib ntaus sib tua.

Lus dab neeg 9. Tawv armor yog lub teeb thiab xis nyob

14 xyoo pua tawv bracer
14 xyoo pua tawv bracer

Cov khaub ncaws zoo ib yam ntawm qee tus tub sab lossis tus neeg tua neeg hauv computer games yog tawv armor. Nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm designers, qhov no yog xws li ib tug biker tsho, tsuas yog xub-pov thawj thiab cim-pov thawj.

Ib tug fighter nyob rau hauv cov khaub ncaws no flutters zoo li npauj npaim thiab stings zoo li ib tug muv. Nws txav ceev heev uas tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm ob txhais ceg, uas yog, ib tug tub rog nyob rau hauv armor, tuaj yeem nrog nws. Xws li yog lub teeb, tab sis muaj zog tiv thaiv.

Nyob rau hauv lub Nrab Hnub nyoog tiag tiag, yuav luag tsis muaj leej twg siv tawv armor.

Tej zaum lawv tau ua tiag tiag yog tias tsis muaj hlau txaus thiab tsis muaj dab tsi los ua cov cuab yeej cuab tam. Tsuas yog tej yam xws li armor 1.

2. muaj ib lub kaum los yog ntau txheej ntawm daim tawv nqaij boiled nyob rau hauv cov roj thiab npog nrog ciab los yog resin, thiab yog li ntawd nyuaj heev thiab hnyav.

Xws li ib qho nyuaj rau kev tsim khoom thiab yog li kim, tab sis nws tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv ntau dua li cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim quilted gambeson. Nws yooj yim rotted thiab sai sai deteriorated. Unsurprisingly, nws twb NW nyuam qhuav siv.

Txawm li cas los xij, tawv armor tseem muaj qhov zoo dua ntawm cov hlau. Yog tias koj nyob hauv ib puag ncig lub nroog thiab tshaib plab, koj tuaj yeem boil nws thiab noj nws. Raws li tus kws sau keeb kwm Flavius Josephus, thaum lub sij hawm siege ntawm Yeluxalees nyob rau hauv 70 AD. NS. Cov neeg Yudais cov neeg tiv thaiv hauv nroog tau raug yuam kom noj lawv cov ntaub thaiv tawv thiab lub xub pwg pluaj. Tsis muaj sijhawm rau kev ua koob tsheej ntawm kashrut.

Pom zoo: