6 txoj hauv kev zoo ntawm kev kawm lus txawv teb chaws

2024 Tus sau: Malcolm Clapton | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:58

Sau cov dab neeg funny, siv matrices, thiab tsim kev lom zem ua si nrog koj cov phooj ywg.

1. Nikolay Zamyatkin txoj kev: peb kawm zoo li menyuam yaus

Suab cog lus, txoj cai? Tom qab tag nrho, cov lus tau paub dav tias kev paub tshiab tau muab rau cov menyuam yaus yooj yim dua rau cov neeg laus. Thiab tsis tas li ntawd, txhua leej txhua tus yog ib tug me nyuam yaus: peb txhua tus muaj kev vam meej ntawm kev kawm tsawg kawg yog ib hom lus - peb yam lus.

Nikolai Zamyatkin yog ib tug neeg txhais lus, tus kws qhia ntawv thiab tus kws sau ntawv lus uas tau nyob thiab ua haujlwm hauv Asmeskas tau ntev. Nws tau sau phau ntawv "Koj Tsis Qhia Ib Hom Lus Txawv Tebchaws", uas nws tau piav qhia txog nws txoj kev matrix.

Matrix - vim nws yog raws li lub npe hu ua matrices. Cov no yog cov lus sib tham luv luv lossis monologues uas muaj cov lus nquag thiab cov qauv sau ntawv. Tag nrho ntawm 25-30 cov ntawv yuav tsum tau rau 15-50 vib nas this.

Lub ntsiab lus ntawm txoj kev yog tias koj thawj zaug yuav tsum tau mloog cov ntawv no ntau zaus, thiab tom qab ntawd, luam cov neeg hais lus, nyeem lawv kom nrov thiab meej kom txog thaum ob qho tib si ntawm cov txheej txheem no yooj yim thiab ntuj. Lub hlwb thiab tag nrho cov leeg koom nrog hauv qhov no tau siv rau nws, sib xyaw cov suab tshiab thiab cov duab ntawm cov ntawv. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus thiab cov qauv sau ntawv ntawm matrices tuaj yeem muab faib ua tib yam, thiab hauv cov txheej txheem lawv tseem nco tau zoo.

Tsis tas li ntawd, ib txoj kev tshawb fawb los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb David Ostry thiab Sazzad Nasir qhia tau hais tias qhov ntev thiab meej dua koj hais thiab, raws li, ntau lub suab apparatus adapts rau lub suab tshiab, qhov zoo dua koj yuav paub hais lus ntawm pob ntseg.

Cov me nyuam zoo sib xws li cas? Qhov tseeb hais tias lawv kawm cov lus nyob rau hauv raws li nram no: mloog - hnov - tsom xam - imitation. Lawv mloog cov neeg laus, maj mam pib paub qhov txawv lub suab thiab lawv cov kev sib txuas, thiab tom qab ntawd sim luam lawv.

Thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov matrices tiav, koj tuaj yeem mus rau theem ob ntawm txoj kev - nyeem cov ntawv nyeem.

Koj yuav tsum xaiv cov phau ntawv uas muaj suab nrov thiab nthuav thiab nyeem lawv nrog tsawg kawg siv cov lus.

Maj mam, raws li cov khoom siv los ntawm cov matrices, cov ntsiab lus thiab qhov tseeb tias cov lus feem ntau rov qab ua dua, nws tuaj yeem nkag siab thiab nco tau ntau thiab ntau cov lus thiab cov qauv sau ntawv yam tsis tau nco txog dab tsi ntawm lub hom phiaj. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, muaj ib txwm piv txwv ntawm yuav ua li cas tag nrho cov no yog siv ua ntej koj ob lub qhov muag.

Nws kuj yuav tsis yog superfluous los mloog ntau yam suab kaw, podcasts, saib TV qhia, series thiab zaj duab xis. Feem ntau, qhov ntau koj raus koj tus kheej hauv cov lus, qhov zoo dua.

Cons ntawm txoj kev:

• Ib tug neeg yuav pom tias nws dhuav heev los mloog thiab rov nyeem tib qhov kev sib tham ntau zaus. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tso tseg txoj kev tam sim ntawd: nws nteg lub hauv paus ruaj khov, thiab koj yuav tau ua qhov no tsuas yog thaum pib. Hauv ib xyoos, koj tuaj yeem paub cov lus kom txaus rau kev sib txuas lus txhua hnub, saib TV thiab nyeem ntawv.
• Matrices yuav tsum tau yuav (los ntawm Zamyatkin nws tus kheej), lossis lub sijhawm yuav tsum tau siv tshawb nrhiav lossis tsim lawv.

2. Ilya Frank txoj kev: nyeem thiab rov ua dua

Thiab peb rov hais dua.

Ilya Frank yog tus kws qhia ntawv thiab tus kws tshawb fawb-Germanist. Nws muab cov phau ntawv uas nws xub muab cov ntawv nyeem hauv cov lus qub nrog kev txhais lus thiab kev piav qhia ntawm cov lus thiab cov qauv sau ntawv hauv cov kab lus, thiab tom qab ntawd - nws tus kheej, tab sis tsis muaj kev txhais lus.

Cov uas nyuam qhuav pib kawm hom lus tuaj yeem nyeem thawj zaug, xa mus rau cov lus qhia, thiab tom qab ntawd txav mus rau qhov qub. Tsis tas yuav sau ib yam dab tsi ntawm lub hom phiaj lossis saib ib feem ntau dua - koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau nyeem phau ntawv txij thaum pib mus txog thaum xaus.

Thaum koj ua tiav, nws yooj yim dua thaum pib. Cov lus thiab cov qauv sau ntawv feem ntau rov ua dua, vim lawv nco qab. Qhov no feem ntau tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv kawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv thiab tsev kawm qib siab.

Txhawm rau kom nkag siab koj tus kheej, koj yuav tsum tau nyeem sai thiab nquag txaus - qhov no tseem ceeb heev rau kev kawm lus. Koj tuaj yeem ua nws txhua qhov chaw thiab thaum twg koj xav tau: txawm nyob hauv kev thauj mus los, txawm tias nyob hauv lub rooj zaum xis nyob hauv tsev.

Ilya Frank txoj kev tsis yog ib qho kev nyuaj siab nrog kev ua phem, tab sis kev lom zem ua si nrog phau ntawv nthuav.

Nws kuj muab cov piv txwv pom ntawm kev siv cov lus thiab cov qauv sau ntawv. Thiab qee zaum koj tuaj hla cov ntsiab lus nthuav dav uas nws yuav tsis tshwm sim rau koj los saib hauv phau ntawv txhais lus lossis lwm qhov chaw zoo li ntawd.

Cons ntawm txoj kev:

• Nws tsis yog ib txwm ua tau kom nrhiav tau ib phau ntawv uas kuv xav nyeem, tab sis nws yuav tsum yog qhov txaus nyiam. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov haujlwm tsawg heev tau hloov kho rau qee yam lus txhua.
• Txoj kev muab cov lus tsis txaus ntseeg, yog li nws tsuas yog siv tau los ua ib qho ntxiv rau lwm txoj kev kawm - koj tsis tuaj yeem paub cov lus nrog nws.
• Qee tus tau so dhau los ntawm qhov muaj kev txhais lus - lawv tsis yeem saib rau hauv nws txawm tias lawv tsis xav tau. Thiab qhov no txo cov nyhuv.

3. Mnemonics: fantasizing thiab sau dab neeg

Mnemonics (los ntawm Greek. Mnemonikon - kos duab ntawm kev nco) yog ib qho txheej txheem ntawm ntau yam txuj ci uas pab txhawb kev nco nrog kev pab los ntawm cov koom haum. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib txuas cov duab rau kev nco tau siv rau lub sijhawm ntev heev - nws ntseeg tias lo lus "mnemonics" tau qhia los ntawm Pythagoras.

Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los siv nws - ntawm no tsuas yog qee qhov piv txwv xwb. Cov no tuaj yeem yog ib qho kev sib koom ua ke: auditory, visual, semantic, nrog cov lus los ntawm hom lus, thiab lwm yam.

Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv Nyiv, lo lus か ば ん yog ib lub hnab, nyeem zoo li "npua". Txhua tus paub tias nws txhais li cas hauv Lavxias. Nws tseem yuav tuaj nrog cov duab funny:

Los yog lus Askiv:

Beer, beer, beer - bee, npib, beer, dais. Tsis tsuas yog cov lus no suab zoo ib yam: "bi", "biy", "bie", "bea" - Kuv tsuas yog xav hu nkauj xwb. Yog li koj tuaj yeem tsim qee cov kab lus dag xws li "Nws nyuaj ua ib tug muv uas haus npias thiab tawm tsam dais."

Qhov funnier thiab silier nws yog, qhov yooj yim nws yog nco ntsoov. Lub hlwb xav tau qhov tshiab!

Koj tuaj yeem ua cov dab neeg me me hauv ib lo lus: zoo, cia peb hais, nws nyuaj rau ib tus neeg kom nco qab lo lus npauj npaim - npauj npaim. Cia nws ua ib yam dab tsi zoo li, "Au, rau kuv cov yoov no (fly) - butterflies trampled on butter (butter)!".

Los yog sau paj huam:

Tuaj rau peb dab-

Pob tshab tus qhua.

Peb haus tshuaj yej, Ces nws yuav tsum mus deb.

Lwm yam Koj tsis tas yuav yog ib tus kws sau ntawv zoo lossis kws sau paj huam - koj yuav tsis tas yuav tsum qhia koj cov haujlwm rau leej twg yog tias tsis muaj lub siab nyiam. Peb muaj kev lom zem raws li koj nyiam!

Cons ntawm txoj kev:

• Qee lub sij hawm nws tsis yooj yim los mus nrog qee yam kev koom tes - qee zaum nws yuav siv zog heev.
• Lub koom haum qee zaum hloov tawm los ua qhov tsis txaus ntseeg lossis tsis kaj siab thiab muaj zog txaus kom tau txais kev lees paub los kawm ib yam dab tsi: nco ntsoov nws tus kheej, tsis zoo li lo lus txawv teb chaws.
• Hauv kev sib koom ua ke ntev lossis sib txawv heev, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsis meej pem hauv cov lus uas tau siv nyob ntawd. Koj tuaj yeem nco qab lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, tab sis tsis ntseeg qhov tseeb ntawm lo lus yog dab tsi. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los nrog cov kev xaiv meej tshaj plaws, tsis paub meej, tab sis qhov no tuaj yeem siv sijhawm.
• Tsis yog txhua lub koom haum tuaj yeem sawv cev rau hauv daim duab, thiab cov lus tsis muaj daim duab tsis nco qab.

4. Txoj kev hloov cov tsiaj ntawv: kawm cov tsiaj ntawv tsis cramming

Peb muab cov ntawv nyeem hauv peb hom lus, thiab tom qab ntawd maj mam hloov cov suab sib xws ntawm cov lus txawv teb chaws rau hauv nws - peb ntxiv ib lub suab ntxiv rau txhua kab lus tshiab. Memorization tshwm sim los ntawm repetitions.

Piv txwv li, cov tsiaj ntawv Japanese:

A - あ

Thiab - い

Thiab yog li ntawd, kom txog thaum koj hloov tag nrho cov suab. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog txhua hom lus - qhov no yuav pab hloov txoj haujlwm hauv qee cov ntawv nyeem, uas tuaj yeem ua kom cov txheej txheem nrawm. Peb tuaj nrog muab peb tus kheej los yog tsuas yog nqa ib qho uas peb nyiam.

Cov ntawv yuav tsum tau sau ntxiv: qhov ntau, qhov zoo dua - qhov no yog li cas lub cim xeeb lub cev muaj zog.

Cons ntawm txoj kev:

• Tsis yog txhua lub sijhawm thiab kev siv zog los sau cov ntawv ntawm koj tus kheej, tab sis nrhiav qhov tsim nyog npaj ua ib qho tseem tsis yooj yim: cov lus hauv nws yuav tsum raug xaiv kom hauv txhua kab lus koj feem ntau ntsib tsis yog lub suab tshiab xwb., tab sis kuj cov yav dhau los.
• Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias lub suab ntawm hom lus feem ntau tsis sib haum nrog cov suab ntawm hom lus txawv teb chaws. Txoj kev muab ib qho kev sib koom ua ke, tab sis cov lus hais kom raug yuav tsum tau ua nrog ntxiv.
• Txoj kev no koj tsuas kawm tau ntawv xwb, tsis yog lus.

5. Txoj Kev 90 Thib Ob: Ua kom pom tseeb

Thiab peb hais cov lus zoo ib yam li peb tau hais rau poj huab tais ntawm Askiv! Funny, puas yog? Qhov tseeb, qhov no tsis tsim nyog, tab sis kev xav yuav pab koj nco qab cov khoom zoo dua.

Txoj kev no siv spaced repetition - rov qab mus rau cov khoom ntawm lub sijhawm tsis tu ncua. Cov kev hloov pauv tau piav qhia ntawm no tau tsim thiab sim los ntawm Anton Brezhestovsky - ob hom lus, tus kws qhia lus Askiv thiab tus kws qhia lus Askiv.

• Peb sau tawm lo lus tshiab nrog rau kab lus uas nws tau ntsib (uas yog, hauv cov ntsiab lus).
• Peb qee qhov tseem ceeb rau peb tus kheej (piv txwv li, nrog cov xim lossis hauv qab).
• Thawj lub lim tiam, txhua hnub peb nyeem kab lus ib zaug lossis ob zaug rau 10 vib nas this.
• Lub lim tiam tom ntej yog so.
• Peb ua ib txoj hauv kev ntxiv: peb rov ua kab lus tam sim no peb zaug hauv 10 vib nas this. Ib hnub txaus lub sijhawm no.
• Tom qab ntawd muaj kev so ntawm ob lub lis piam.
• Qhov kawg mus kom ze: nyeem kab lus peb zaug ntxiv. Qhov no ua rau tag nrho 90 vib nas this.

Koj tsis tas yuav siv zog tshwj xeeb los cim cov lus tshiab.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv txoj kev no yog ua kom tiav concentration thaum nyeem ntawv. Qhov no tsis yog ib qho kev ua haujlwm: nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub zoo txog lub ntsiab lus thiab kev txhais lus ntawm kab lus. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau nyeem kom meej thiab yuav tsum nrov nrov - rau tib yam li hauv Zamyatkin txoj kev.

Cons ntawm txoj kev:

• Qhov tseeb, nws tsis yooj yim rau kev mloog zoo li nws zoo li: koj tuaj yeem tsis nco qab pib nyeem cov tshuab ua kom huv. Koj yuav tsum rov qab mus rau qhov chaw uas koj poob siab txhua lub sijhawm thiab rov ua dua. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias lub sijhawm ua haujlwm yuav nce ntxiv.
• Hauv cov lus, kuj tseem muaj cov ntsiab lus uas hais txog 90 vib nas this yuav tsis txaus tsuas yog vim lawv nyuaj heev lossis yooj yim muab tsis tau.
• Nws tsis yog tam sim ntawd paub meej tias pes tsawg lo lus thiab kab lus yuav tsum tau kawm nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm kom tsis txhob overload.
• Nws tsis yog ib txwm ua tau kom txiav txim siab sai sai seb koj puas tau tuav cov khoom tiag tiag. Feem ntau qhov no ua kom pom tseeb tsuas yog tom qab ib ntus, thaum lub sijhawm koj tsis mloog cov lus tshwj xeeb.

6. Kev ua si: tshem tawm kev ntxhov siab

Peb twb tau hais tias ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev kawm lus yog kev txaus siab. Qhov no tau hais los ntawm Jan Amos Comenius, tus kws qhia ntawv Czech uas tau tsim lub hauv paus ntawm kev qhia txog kev tshawb fawb hauv xyoo pua 17th. Nyob rau hauv nws Great Didactics, nws yog thawj zaug kom meej meej tsim cov ntsiab cai ntawm kev qhia, uas muaj coob tus cia siab rau hnub no.

Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm kev ua si, koj feem ntau yuav tsum tau muab cov ntaub ntawv sai sai, tsis muaj hesitation - thiab qhov no, raws li kev soj ntsuam ntawm Dr. Pimsler, yog ib tug ntawm cov muaj zog txoj kev uas yuav intensify lub assimilation ntawm cov khoom.

Nov yog qee qhov kev ua si uas koj tuaj yeem siv yog tias koj txiav txim siab kawm lus nrog lwm tus.

Lo lus game

• Koj tuaj yeem, raws li ib txwm, tsuas yog sau cov lus ntawm tsab ntawv kawg ntawm cov dhau los.
• Los yog, siv flashcards nrog cov lus, nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm luv luv piav qhia rau koj tus nrog sib ntaus dab tsi koj tau hla mus txog thaum nws teb kom raug, thiab tom qab ntawd hloov. Nws yog qhov nthuav kom ua qhov no hauv pab pawg: ib qho nrog cov lus twv feem ntau yeej.
• Qhov no tuaj yeem yog qhov kev ua si paub zoo ntawm "Hangman", qhov twg koj yuav tsum twv cov lus los ntawm ib tsab ntawv, kom txog thaum koj "hanged". Los yog "Crocodile" - txhua yam yuav tsum tau qhia nyob ntsiag to.

Sau cov dab neeg

• Ib tus neeg koom nrog sau thawj kab lus ntawm zaj dab neeg. Qhov thib ob sai tuaj nrog lwm tus. Qhov thib peb txuas ntxiv mus thiab. Koj tuaj yeem ua si ua ke.
• Yog tias muaj ntau tus neeg tuaj koom, nws yog qhov zoo dua los pib nrog ib lo lus, thiab txhua tus neeg ua si tom ntej yuav tsum tau lub npe nws ntxiv rau ib qho tshiab - uas yog txuam nrog thawj. Ntau tus neeg, qhov nyuaj - tom qab tag nrho, yog tias muaj, hais, 20 tus neeg, tom qab ntawd yuav tsum nco ntsoov 20 lo lus. Tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem mus rau hauv lub voj voog. Qhov no tsis yog tsuas yog pab kom kawm tau cov lus, tab sis kuj tseem txhim kho kev nco qab.
• Peb muab ob peb daim npav nrog cov lus thiab sai sai tuaj nrog ib zaj dab neeg tawm ntawm lawv.

Kev piav qhia

Tam sim ntawd piav qhia txhua yam: lub meej mom ntawm interlocutor, kev zoo nkauj ntawm ib yam khoom lossis qhov chaw, peb txoj kev xav ntawm pluas tshais, thiab lwm yam.

Cons ntawm txoj kev:

• Koj tsuas tuaj yeem kawm hom lus no nrog lwm tus, thiab nrhiav cov neeg tuaj koom tsim nyog yog qee zaum teeb meem tiag tiag. Ib tug neeg tub nkeeg, ib tug neeg tsis khoom, ib tug neeg tsis nyob rau theem siab txaus, los yog feem ntau, tsuas yog tsis muaj leej twg nyob ib puag ncig uas paub cov lus xav tau.
• Nws tsis yog ib txwm muaj peev xwm khaws cia cov huab cua ntawm qhov kev ua si: nws yooj yim heev rau kev tso tseg lub tswv yim yog tias nws zoo li nyuaj rau qee tus neeg koom, vim tias koj xav kom muaj kev lom zem, thiab tsis strain zoo li hauv zaj lus qhia hauv tsev kawm.
• Tsis haum rau cov neeg uas feem ntau nyiam kev ua si ib leeg.

Kev kawm lus puv puv yuav tsum muaj kev sib koom ua ke. Koj yuav tsum xyuam xim rau kev hais lus, thiab nyeem ntawv, thiab sau ntawv, thiab mloog - tag nrho cov no yog inextricably txuas thiab cuam tshuam ib leeg. Yog li ntawd, koj tuaj yeem muab ntau txoj hauv kev, thiab tsis txhob hnov qab tias kev nkag mus rau hauv ib puag ncig ntawm cov lus uas koj tab tom kawm yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev vam meej.