Yuav ua li cas yuav khoom siv hauv tsev kawm ntawv thiab tsis them nyiaj ntau dhau

2024 Tus sau: Malcolm Clapton | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:58

Peb cov lus pom zoo yuav pab koj txo qis koj daim tshev - yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo.

Txoj kev cawm seej yog dab tsi

1. Npaj ib qho kev kuaj xyuas

Yog tias koj tus menyuam tsis yog tus menyuam kawm ntawv qib ib, yeej muaj cov khoom siv hauv tsev kawm ntawv tsim nyog rau kev siv ntxiv hauv nws lub txee dai khaub ncaws. Cov cwj mem qub - txhawm rau ua kom ntse, los ntawm ib nrab-sau ntawv sau - txhawm rau rhuav tshem cov nplooj ntawv huv rau cov ntawv sau, cov ntaub ntawv xaum ntaub - ntxuav hauv dej xab npum, cov khib nyiab qias neeg - ntxuav ntawm daim ntawv tuab lossis ntawv xuab zeb.

Koj saib, nws hloov tawm tias koj tus menyuam kawm ntawv yog ib feem peb puv.

2. Ua ib daim ntawv teev npe thiab ua raws nws kom meej

Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob yuav ntau dhau, nug koj tus kws qhia hauv chav kawm txog cov npe ntawm cov ntawv sau tsim nyog. Qhia kom meej pes tsawg nplooj ntawv yuav tsum nyob rau hauv phau ntawv sau (12, 18 lossis 24) thiab seb lawv puas tau yuav hauv nruab nrab.

Yog tias tsis muaj kev sib txuas nrog tus kws qhia ntawv, sau cov khoom tsim nyog tshaj plaws ntawm daim ntawv. Tsis txhob yuav ib yam dab tsi "tsuas yog hauv rooj plaub." Koj yuav muaj sijhawm los yuav yam uas ploj lawm tom qab thaum koj xav tau tiag tiag.

Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, ntawm no yog cov npe kwv yees ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev kawm thawj zaug (saib rau hauv tus account qhov tseeb tias ntau yam me me xws li erasers tau ploj mus tas li, tsis nco qab, mus rau hauv cov ntawv xaum ntawm cov phooj ywg hauv chav kawm).

• Cov phau ntawv hauv lub tawb thiab tus pas ntsuas (oblique - mus txog qib thib peb, txawm hais tias hauv qee lub tsev kawm ntawv lawv hloov mus rau tus thawj coj ua ntej), 12 nplooj ntawv (tsev kawm theem qis) lossis 18-24 nplooj (nrab nrab thiab laus) - 5-10 daim txhua.
• Phau ntawv npog - 20 pieces.
• Chaw muag mis nyuj (yog tias tsis xaj tom tsev kawm ntawv) - 1 daim.
• Folder rau phau ntawv - 1 daim.
• Sketchbook - 1 daim.
• Cwj mem nrog xiav paste - 3-4 pieces.
• Yooj yim xaum - 2-3 pieces.
• Xim xaum xim - 1 teeb (rau thawj xim yog txaus rau thawj qib).
• Xim ntawv thiab cardboard - 1 pob.
• Glue stick - 1 daim.
• PVA kua nplaum nrog txhuam - 1 lub raj mis (20 ml).
• Rulers - 2 pieces.
• txiab nrog sib npaug kawg - 1 daim.
• Ntses nrog ntim - 2 pieces.
• Erasers - 2-3 pieces.
• Cov ntaub ntawv xaum - 1 pcs.

3. Txwv tsis pub lub ntiaj teb thiab cov phau ntawv teev

Txawm hais tias ob yam no cuam tshuam nrog tsev kawm ntawv, ntau tus menyuam yeej tsis siv lawv.

Lub ntiaj teb siv qhov chaw muaj nuj nqis thiab khaws cov plua plav. Coasters, raws li txoj cai, tsis yooj yim heev: cov neeg maj nrawm me ntsis feem ntau rhuav cov nplooj ntawv thaum lawv sim tig nplooj ntawv sai sai. Thiab kuj cov hlau tsis ruaj khov no poob noisily. Txhawm rau muab phau ntawv tso rau ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub rooj, cia li tso cov ntawv xaum rau hauv qab nws.

4. Tsis txhob rub mus rau qhov kawg

Xyuas cov npe tsawg kawg yog ob mus rau peb lub lis piam ua ntej thawj hu. Tseem tsis muaj kev lag luam fleas hauv khw muag khoom, cov khoom lag luam dav dav, thiab cov neeg muag khoom tsis tau nce tus nqi ntawm nthwv dej ntawm kev zoo siab. Tus nqi pheej yig tshaj plaws rau cov ntawv sau nrov thiab qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws, oddly txaus, yog muab los ntawm cov saw hypermarkets uas koj mus rau khoom noj.

5. Pab nrog lwm tus niam txiv

Kev yuav khoom ua ke yeej ib txwm pheej yig dua ib qho los ntawm ib qho. Koj tsis tas yuav koom nrog tag nrho cov chav kawm. Rau ib tug me me wholesale nws yog txaus kom pom zoo nrog peb mus rau tsib niam txiv. Cov luv nqi tuaj yeem ua rau 5-20%.

6. Coj kom zoo dua ntawm cov luv nqi hauv khw hauv online

Taug qab kev muag khoom thiab kev tshaj tawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum txiav txim rau qee tus nqi, ntau tus neeg muag khoom hauv online muab nyiaj tshwj xeeb zoo nkauj txhua xyoo puag ncig, xws li kev xa khoom dawb lossis muaj peev xwm mus kav khw ntawm cov nqi muag khoom.

7. Tsis txhob koom nrog tus menyuam hauv kev yuav khoom

Ib qho chaw mus nqa cov ntawv sau hauv lub tuam txhab ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm theem pib yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg nrog qhov nce hauv daim tshev los ntawm ib thiab ib nrab zaug. Tus me nyuam tuav txhua yam nws nyiam, yog li nws nyuaj rau lo rau hauv daim ntawv teev npe. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov menyuam yaus muaj kev ntshaw rau cov yeeb yuj npog, cov xim ci, pendants, fintiflyushki thiab lwm yam khoom dai kom zoo nkauj uas ua rau tus nqi. Thiab lawv feem ntau ua rau kev yuav khoom tsis haum rau lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb - kawm.

Yog tias tus menyuam kawm ntawv xav koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem kom txog thaum lub kua muag, yog li ntawd: cia nws xaiv ob peb lub tsev kawm ntawv cov khoom siv (piv txwv li, ib daim duab rau kos duab, ib phau ntawv nrog nws tus cwj pwm nyiam thiab ib daim ntawv tais ceev tseg). Tab sis ua cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm koj tus kheej, siv kev nkag siab zoo.

8. Tsis txhob raug ntxias los ntawm kev pheej yig

Tus menyuam kawm ntawv tsis xav tau cov ntawv sau zoo. Tab sis qhov no tsis txhais hais tias txhua yam uas pheej yig tshaj yuav haum nws. Tus nqi qis qis yuav qhia tau tias tsis zoo. Tus cwj mem yuav tsum tsis txhob sau hnub tom qab, lossis nws yuav xau, ua rau koj cov khaub ncaws, hnab ntawv, thiab phau ntawv sau. Tus cwj mem yuav rhuav daim ntawv, thiab tus ntse ntse yuav tawg cov hlau lead. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav them ntau dua.

Yuav xaiv cov khoom siv hauv tsev kawm li cas

Yuav xaiv cov phau ntawv li cas

Tsis txhob muaj cov ntawv sau nrog cov ntawv ci dawb du thiab glossy npog nrog miv, dev thiab cov cim tas luav. Lawv kim dua, thiab cov duab ci ntsa iab cuam tshuam los ntawm cov txheej txheem kev kawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog qhov nyuaj dua los sau rau ntawm qhov chaw du: qhov muab tshuaj txhuam smudges thiab stains yooj yim. Thiab ntawm lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj nrog Superman lossis Cheburashka, koj yuav tsum tau muab cov duab plaub txiav los ntawm ib phau ntawv zoo tib yam los qhia txog cov ntsiab lus, chav kawm, tus lej tsev kawm ntawv, npe thiab lub xeem.

Nov yog qee cov cim qhia ntawm phau ntawv "yog".

• Neutral cover.
• Daim ntawv ntxhib me ntsis.
• EAC kos npe rau tom qab. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov khoom ua raws li Cov Cai Tswj Kev Cai ntawm Lub Koom Haum Kev Cai. Raws li tus qauv uas twb muaj lawm, qhov ceev ntawm cov ntawv hauv tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog 60 g / m2. Qhov siab dua, nws yooj yim dua rau kev sau thiab nyeem. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub USSR, 70 g / m2 raug suav hais tias yog tus qauv rau ib lub tsev kawm ntawv phau ntawv. Qee cov tuam txhab tseem tsim cov ntawv sau nrog cov ntawv siab. Lawv yog me ntsis kim dua, tab sis ntawm qhov tod tes, tsis muaj cov cim nyem los ntawm tus cwj mem rau ntawm nplooj ntawv.
• Ib txoj kab ntshiab, tiam sis tsis ci heev. Smeared outlines los yog ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kab thiab cov ntawv ua rau lub qhov muag. Lub ntsiab lus thib ob: tus kav yuav tsum yog tib yam ntawm lub lem thiab ntawm lub teeb. Cov offsets meej ua rau nws nyuaj rau nyeem thiab sau.

Los ntawm txoj kev, koj tuaj yeem yuav ob peb phau ntawv uas pheej yig tshaj nrog cov ntawv grey - lawv yuav tuaj yeem muab rau cov ntawv sau.

Yuav xaiv cov npog li cas

Ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov ceev hauv microns (μm). Tus lej qis dua, lub npog pheej yig dua. Thiab sai dua nws yuav tawg. Kev lees paub zoo pib ntawm 110 microns.

Yuav ua li cas xaiv ib tug cwj mem

Txoj cai yooj yim yog tias cov ntawv xaum yuav tsum ua kom ntev. Tom qab tag nrho, nws yuav raug muab pov tseg thiab txhob txwm muab pov tseg. Thiab tseem - maj mam qhib, rub tawm "nrog nqaij" tsis zoo sewn zippers lossis cov nyees khawm uas tau tuav ntawm parole.

Qhov tseem ceeb thib ob: tsis txhob yuav cov ntawv xaum kom tiav. Raws li txoj cai, lawv tau ntim nrog cov khoom siv hauv chaw ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm tus nqi nce.

Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv hluas yog cov ntawv folding xaum nrog lub zipper muaj zog. Nws yuav tuav tag nrho cov khoom siv uas koj xav tau rau zaj lus qhia. Thaum qhib cov ntawv xaum zoo li no, tus menyuam yuav pom cov cwj mem, xaum thiab cov lwv ntawm ib nrais muag. Nws tsis tas yuav rummage nyob ib puag ncig hauv kev tshawb nrhiav qhov yog, ib yam li cov ntaub ntawv xaum-cov hnab kom zoo nkauj lossis lub raj.

Ua tib zoo saib rau sab hauv ntawm cov ntawv xaum. Nws yuav tsum yog yas lossis textile - tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem yooj yim ntxuav ib yam lossis txawm ntxuav hauv lub tshuab ntaus ntawv. Tab sis cov phab ntsa cardboard yuav tsis muaj sia nyob tu.

Yuav xaiv tus kov li cas

Lub teeb ballpoint cwj mem ntev txog 15 cm ntev nrog cov roj hmab ntxig zoo kawg nkaus rau hauv tus menyuam txhais tes, uas tiv thaiv cov ntiv tes tawm hws los ntawm kev nruj ntawm zawv zawg. Nco ntsoov tias lub ampoule tsis khawb daim ntawv, tab sis tib lub sijhawm sau zoo - txwv tsis pub cov stains phem yuav tshwm sim hauv phau ntawv.

Yuav ua li cas xaiv ib tug cwj mem yooj yooj yim

Rau cov kev xav tau ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm, ib qho yooj yim ntoo cwj mem yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Thaum xaiv, coj mus rau hauv tus account peb tsis: cov duab, hardness ntawm txhuas thiab hom ntoo los ntawm lub cev yog tsim.

Cov cwj mem nrog cov npoo yog yooj yim los tuav hauv tes dua li cov hlau lead nrog lub plhaub puag ncig thiab du.

Hardness yuav tsum yog standard, hard-soft. Nws tuaj yeem raug txheeb xyuas los ntawm TM lossis HB cim. Cais T lossis H (los ntawm Lus Askiv H - hardness) yog muab tso rau ntawm cov xaum tawv uas tsim los rau cov kab zoo thiab kos duab. Ib tug cwj mem zoo li no yuav kos lossis rhuav lub tsev kawm ntawv phau ntawv. Cov tsiaj ntawv M lossis B (los ntawm lus Askiv dub - dub) muab cov khoom muag muag rau kev kos duab kos duab. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau lwv thiab stains daim ntawv.

Cov ntaub ntawv zoo tshaj plaws rau xaum yog cedar, ntoo thuv, lossis jelutong. Lawv ntom, check thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm mos ntoo yog yooj yim los mus hov thiab kav ntev dua. Tab sis tus nqi kuj yuav siab dua. Cov cwj mem hauv tsev kawm ntawv yog tsim los ntawm linden. Alder thiab poplar yog siv rau cov neeg siv khoom pheej yig. Cov khoom zoo li no tuaj yeem flake thiab crumble thaum lub sij hawm sharpening, lawv sai sai poob lawv qhov kev nthuav qhia.

Yuav xaiv cov xaum xim li cas

Hais txog tib yam li tej yam yooj yim. Ntxiv ib qho ntxiv. Cov kws ua yeeb yam me tuaj yeem siv cov xaum tuab nrog lub cev daim duab peb sab uas haum zoo rau ntawm tus ntiv tes xoo, ntiv tes xoo thiab ntiv tes nruab nrab. Cov hlau lead hauv cov cwj mem no kuj yog tuab dua li niaj zaus thiab yog li tawg tsawg dua.

Yuav ua li cas xaiv ib tug sketchbook

Ntxiv dua thiab, xyuam xim rau qhov hnyav ntawm daim ntawv. Rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv qib pib thiab theem nrab, nws yog qhov zoo dua los yuav albums nrog cov ntawv ntawm 160-200 g / m2 ntom. Lawv yuav tiv taus ob tus cwj mem thiab cov xim. Cov ntawv nyias nyias tsuas yog tsim rau xaum thiab crayons.

Fastening tseem ceeb heev. Cov ntawv nplaum nplaum yuav tawg sai sai, nws yog qhov nyuaj rau rub daim ntawv tawm ntawm album ntawm staples, yog li qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog cov qauv nrog lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav txuas.

Yuav ua li cas xaiv tus lwv

Nws yog qhov yooj yim heev yog tias cov nplaum nplaum txuas nrog lub cev ntawm tus cwj mem. Yog li koj yuav tsis poob nws thiab nws yeej ib txwm nyob ntawm tes. Cais, nws yog qhov zoo dua los yuav ib qho tsis zoo "lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws" ua los ntawm cov roj hmab ntuj (roj hmab). Cov kev xaiv hluavtaws ci ua haujlwm ntau dua, uas ua rau tawg thiab tawm cov cim qias neeg ntawm daim ntawv lossis rhuav nws.

Txawm li cas los xij, ua ntej kev yuav khoom, muab lub lwv rau kev sim tsav: kos ib kab nrog xaum rau ntawm daim ntawv thiab tshem nws.

Yuav ua li cas xaiv ib tug sharpener

Nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv lub tshuab ntse nrog lub thawv rau sau cov shavings thiab qhov rau xaum ntawm cov kab sib txawv. Npaj txhij rau qhov tseeb tias cov cuab yeej no yuav tsum tau hloov tsawg kawg ib zaug txhua rau lub hlis: cov hniav ua npub dhau lub sijhawm ntawd thiab twb tawg, thiab tsis ua kom cov hlau lead.

Yuav ua li cas xaiv tus kav

Rau ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv, ib tug kav ntev 10-15 cm yog txaus, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab qib, koj yuav xav tau ib tug ntev dua ntaus ntawv ntxiv rau daim duab peb sab thiab ib tug protractor.

Kev xaiv universal - ib tug pas nrig ua los ntawm lub teeb yuag yas nrog kev sib cais meej. Koj tuaj yeem nqa ib qho ntoo, tab sis nws loj dua, thiab thaum ntub nws tuaj yeem o thiab deform. Tab sis yog tias koj xav tias cov thawj coj, zoo li lwm yam me me, tau ploj mus sai sai, txoj hauv kev ntawm kev puas tsuaj tsawg.