Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem niaj hnub no feem ntau qhib nkag mus rau txhua tus password thiab cov ntaub ntawv tus kheej

2024 Tus sau: Malcolm Clapton | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:58

Qhov teeb meem cuam tshuam yuav luag tag nrho cov chips tso tawm txij li xyoo 1995.

Nag hmo, cov xov xwm sab hnub poob pib co cov xov xwm uas yuav luag tag nrho Intel cov txheej txheem tso tawm dhau 20 xyoo dhau los yog qhov muaj qhov tsis zoo. Siv nws, cov neeg tawm tsam tuaj yeem nkag mus rau txhua qhov nkag thiab passwords, cached cov ntaub ntawv thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv tus kheej ntawm cov neeg siv.

Cov processors twg muaj kev pheej hmoo

Intel cov neeg sawv cev tau lees paub qhov kev hem thawj, ceeb toom tias lwm tus neeg muag khoom kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo. Cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm Google Project Zero pom zoo nrog qhov kev xav no. ARM tau hais tias Cortex-A processors siv hauv smartphones yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo, tab sis kev ntsuas qhov tseeb yuav siv sijhawm ntev dua. AMD kuj tau lees paub qhov xwm txheej txaus ntshai, tab sis tib lub sijhawm tshaj tawm txog "yuav luag tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo" rau lawv cov txheej txheem.

Yuav ua li cas tawm tsam

Qhov kev pheej hmoo tsis zoo tso cai rau ob hom kev tawm tsam, uas yog hu ua Meltdown thiab Spectre.

Meltdown feem ntau txhawj xeeb tsuas yog Intel chips thiab rhuav tshem qhov kev sib cais ntawm cov kev pab cuam thiab lub operating system kernel, vim tias nws muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia los ntawm OS.

Spectre, ntawm qhov tod tes, tso cai rau cov ntawv thov hauv zos nkag mus rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub cim xeeb virtual ntawm lwm cov kev pab cuam.

Yuav ua li cas kho qhov tsis zoo ntawm PC

Nws yog qhov ua tau los tiv thaiv Meltdown programmatically, uas yog, ntawm tus nqi ntawm qhov hu ua thaj ua rau thaj uas yuav txwv tsis pub siv los ntawm kev siv lub cim xeeb sab hauv ntawm lub system. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab qhov hloov tshiab no, tag nrho cov haujlwm ntawm lub khoos phis tawj tuaj yeem qeeb los ntawm 5-30%.

Microsoft twb tau tso tawm qhov hloov tshiab sib thooj rau Windows 10, thiab thaum Lub Ib Hlis 9, thaj ua rau thaj zoo sib xws rau lwm qhov Windows yuav tsum tau tso tawm. Cov kev hloov tshiab tsim nyog rau Linux kuj tseem tawm los txij thaum pib lub Kaum Ob Hlis. Hauv macOS 10.13.2, tso tawm lub hli dhau los, ib feem ntawm Meltdown qhov tsis zoo tau raug kaw lawm, tab sis qhov teeb meem yuav daws tau tag nrho nrog rau qhov hloov tshiab tom ntej.

Google tseem nquag ua haujlwm kho qhov teeb meem, lees tias Chrome tseem raug cuam tshuam los ntawm kev tawm tsam. Ua ntej tshaj tawm qhov hloov tshiab browser, cov neeg siv tau txhawb kom manually ua kom qhov chaw cais tawm ntawm ib leeg.

Dab tsi yog nrog smartphones

Raws li rau cov khoom siv txawb, kuj tseem muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawm tsam, tab sis ntawm cov khoom siv feem ntau qhov kev pheej hmoo yog qhov nyuaj rau kev tsim tawm. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tseeb kev ruaj ntseg thaj ua rau thaj los ntawm Google twb tau tso tawm rau Nexus 5X, Nexus 6P, Pixel C, Pixel / XL thiab Pixel 2 / XL.

Lwm cov neeg tsim khoom siv smartphone tau txais lub thaj thiab. Tab sis ntawm qhov ceev nws yuav raug xa mus rau gadgets tsis paub.

Thaum qhov kev pheej hmoo raug kho tag nrho

Yog tias qhov teeb meem Meltdown nrog software hloov tshiab tuag, Spectre yog qhov nyuaj dua. Tam sim no tsis muaj cov kev daws teeb meem npaj ua software. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv ua ntej, txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam ntawm hom no, nws yuav tsum tau hloov lub processor architecture nws tus kheej. Hauv lwm lo lus, thaj ua rau thaj yuav tsis pab ntawm no. Qhov teeb meem yuav daws tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv tiam tom ntej chips.

Cov neeg siv yuav tsum ua li cas

Tib txoj hauv kev kom daws tau qhov teeb meem rau PC thiab smartphone cov neeg siv yog kom nruab tag nrho cov kev hloov tshiab tam sim no rau lub operating system thiab software. Tsis txhob ncua kev rub tawm cov hloov tshiab thiab tsis txhob hnov qab reboot koj lub cuab yeej tom qab hloov kho.