Yuav ua li cas xaiv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub thiab tsis txhob mob qog noj ntshav

2024 Tus sau: Malcolm Clapton | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:58

Peb teb ib pawg ntawm paranoid cov lus nug: uas tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub yuav, dab tsi yam ntxwv yuav tsum xyuam xim rau, seb nws puas tsim nyog ntseeg cream los yog lawv cov hauj lwm zoo yog overestimated. Tshawb nrhiav txhua yam koj xav paub txog kev tiv thaiv tshav ntuj hauv kab lus no.

Cov txheeb cais tsis txhawb nqa: 50 mus rau 70% ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav tawv nqaij cuam tshuam nrog lub hnub raug ntau dhau. Peb tab tom tham txog melanoma, ib qho ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav txaus ntshai tshaj plaws hauv tib neeg thiab hom mob qog noj ntshav tshaj plaws. Thiab nws yog, ntawm chav kawm, tuag.

Tus qauv tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov neeg ntshai ntawm lub hnub yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshav ntuj.

1. Kev tshav ntuj puas cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm qog noj ntshav?

Nws tsis muaj qhov zais cia uas ntev ntev raug rau lub hnub ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm daim tawv nqaij puas. Qhov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev tshav ntuj. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas raws nraim li cas koj tan thiab seb koj tsis hlawv nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev uas koj ua irreparable puas rau koj daim tawv nqaij.

Sunburns yog qhov teeb meem tshaj plaws thaum menyuam yaus, vim tias cov tawv nqaij hluas yog qhov ua rau mob qog noj ntshav ua rau ultraviolet hluav taws xob. Koj yau dua thaum koj tau txais tshav ntuj, qhov siab dua koj txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav tom qab hauv lub neej.

Txawm li cas los xij, tsis txhob ntshai tam sim ntawd: cov nyhuv ntawm lub hnub ntawm koj cov tawv nqaij nyob ntawm ntau yam sib txawv. Qhov no tuaj yeem suav nrog ob qho tib si heredity (tawv tawv nqaij, muaj moles, predisposition ntawm cov txheeb ze rau mob qog noj ntshav) thiab ib puag ncig yam (lub sij hawm siv nyob rau hauv lub hnub, lub degree ntawm tshav kub raug, qhov hnyav ntawm qhov kub hnyiab tau txais, thiab hais txog).

2. Yog tias kuv raug tshav kub hnyiab tau yooj yim, puas yog kuv qhov kev pheej hmoo rau mob qog noj ntshav siab dua?

Yog nws muaj tseeb. Muaj ntau hom tawv nqaij, thiab txhua tus muaj tus cwj pwm tshwj xeeb rau tanning. Feem ntau, qhov tsaus ntuj ntawm koj cov tawv nqaij, qhov tsawg dua koj yuav raug tshav ntuj thiab tsim mob qog noj ntshav.

Ib tug neeg uas muaj daim tawv nqaij tsaus yog qhov tsawg dua ntawm cov kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab mob qog noj ntshav. Cov neeg uas muaj tawv nqaij tawv heev, taub hau liab, lossis cov uas muaj cov khoom tsis zoo tanning feem ntau raug cuam tshuam los ntawm lub hnub lub rays.

3. Kuv yeej tsis tau siv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub. Kuv yuav tuag?

Koj yeej yuav tuag. Tab sis tsis tas yuav mob qog noj ntshav. Tsis txhob ntshai, tau txais tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub thiab rov nyeem cov kab lus dhau los ua tib zoo.

4. Thiab yuav ua li cas rau qhov tseeb tias daim tawv nqaij laus?

Ua kom zoo nkauj thiab hluas ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntev li ntev tau yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Tab sis nws tseem ceeb dua los tiv thaiv koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub los tiv thaiv tshav ntuj, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tawv nqaij laus thiab mob qog noj ntshav.

5. Puas yog kev siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav?

Kev tshawb fawb kho mob ua kom pom tseeb tias tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm tsawg kawg ib hom mob qog noj ntshav - squamous cell cancer. Melanoma yog qhov nyuaj dua.

Qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb yog nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm tus kab mob. Qhov tseeb yog tias melanoma feem ntau pom tsuas yog xyoo tom qab tau txais lub hnub raug.

Insolation - raug lub ntiaj teb nto rau hnub ci hluav taws xob.

Kuj tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb thiab qhov tseeb tias insolation tsis ruaj khov heev. Piv txwv li, cov neeg nyob rau sab qaum teb tau txais ib koob ntawm hnub ci tshav kub tsuas yog nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov los yog thaum lawv so nyob rau yav qab teb lub teb chaws. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm tus kab mob kuj tseem ua si los ntawm kev coj mus rau hauv tus account xws li kev siv lossis tsis siv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub, hom tawv nqaij ntawm tus neeg mob, kev hloov pauv, thiab lwm yam.

Sunscreens pab tiv thaiv kev mob qog noj ntshav rau qee qhov. Lawv raug tsim los txhawm rau tshem peb ntawm tshav ntuj, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb ua ntej rau tus kab mob.

Eleni Linos Senior Lecturer in Dermatology ntawm University of California San Francisco

Txog niaj hnub no, tsuas yog ib qho kev tshawb fawb loj loj tau ua tiav ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub thiab mob qog noj ntshav. Cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm Australia tau koom nrog, tab sis tseem tsis tau muaj kev kwv yees tseeb.

6. Puas yog mob qog noj ntshav los ntawm kev siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub?

Tsis muaj! Muaj cov kev tshawb fawb txog kev kis kab mob qhia tau tias cov neeg siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub ntau zaus yuav ua rau mob qog noj ntshav. Tab sis muaj ib qho laj thawj piav qhia rau qhov no. Qhov tseeb yog tias feem ntau cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub yog siv los ntawm cov neeg tawv nqaij ncaj ncees uas yooj yim rau hlawv hauv lub hnub.

Raws li peb tau sau saum toj no, cov neeg zoo li no muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntau dua li cov neeg uas muaj tawv nqaij tawv dua. Nws yog los ntawm qhov no uas cov kev tshawb fawb tau los ntawm. Sunscreen tsis muaj dab tsi ua nrog nws.

Nws tseem tsim nyog sau cia tias cov neeg siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub feem ntau poob lawv qhov ceev faj. Lawv siv cov nplaum nplaum uas muaj lub hnub ci tiv thaiv siab thiab xav tias lawv tuaj yeem nyob hauv lub hnub ntev heev yam tsis muaj kev phom sij rau lawv txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Qhov kev nkag siab ntawm kev ruaj ntseg no yog cuav. Qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij tseem siab.

7. Puas yog tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub thaiv kev noj cov vitamin D?

Tsis muaj. Ib qho kev sim ua los ntawm ib pawg neeg Australian cov neeg laus pom tias tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev noj cov vitamin D thiab tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub thaum lub caij ntuj sov. Koj cov vitamin D qib yuav tsis hloov mus rau ib qho twg vim yog siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.

8. SPF yog dab tsi?

SPF (Sun Protection Factor) yog qhov tiv thaiv tshav ntuj. Nws yog hais txog lub peev xwm ntawm cov tshuaj pleev ib ce los tiv thaiv koj cov tawv nqaij los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lub hnub rays thiab ncua lub sij hawm nws txuag koj nyob rau hauv lub hnub.

Txhawm rau xam cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub, cov tshuaj pleev xim sib piv cov tawv nqaij nrog cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub rau cov tawv nqaij tsis muaj tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub thiab saib seb nws yuav siv sij hawm ntev npaum li cas kom nws tig liab.

Txawm li cas los xij, tsis txhob xav tam sim ntawd tias SPF cream yog panacea rau mob qog noj ntshav. Muaj ob hom hnub ci uas tuaj yeem ua mob rau koj cov tawv nqaij thiab ua rau mob qog noj ntshav: UVB thiab UVA. UVB rays ua rau kub hnyiab, ua rau muaj mob qog noj ntshav. UVA rays ua rau cov tawv nqaij ntawm qhov tob dua, ua rau nws poob elasticity thiab ua kom cov txheej txheem kev laus. Qhov no, nyob rau hauv lem, ua rau cov tsos ntawm wrinkles thiab hnub nyoog me ntsis.

Yav dhau los, nws tau ntseeg tias UVA rays tsuas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, tab sis tsis ntev los no tau pom tias lawv kuj muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog qhov tshwm sim ntawm mob qog noj ntshav.

9. Kuv yuav tsum xaiv ib qho cream nrog tus nqi SPF li cas?

Feem ntau ntawm cov pob khoom ntawm cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub muaj ib tus lej tam sim tom qab kev txo qis ntawm SPF. Nws txhais tau hais tias ntev npaum li cas koj tuaj yeem nyob hauv lub hnub nrog cov qab zib yam tsis tau hlawv dua li tsis muaj qab zib. Tus nqi SPF yog li ntawm 2 txog 50 units. SPF 50 txhais tau tias koj tuaj yeem tiv taus 50 npaug ntawm lub teeb UV yam tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo rau koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv.

Cov neeg feem coob tsis paub siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub zoo li cas. Lawv siv lawv tsis raug lossis tsis txaus. Muaj kev xav tias qhov siab dua SPF tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj nplaum, nws zoo dua.

Nws yuav tsum nkag siab tias cov khoom siv nrog SPF 30 tsis tiv thaiv ob zaug zoo li cov khoom siv nrog SPF 15. Txawm tias muaj tus lej loj, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov nqus thiab qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov rays tsis zoo heev. Piv txwv li, ib yam khoom nrog SPF 30 kis 3.3% ntawm hluav taws xob, thiab nrog SPF 50 - 2%.

Feem ntau ntawm cov khoom txee, koj tuaj yeem pom cov tshuaj nplaum nrog kev tiv thaiv txog li 100 units. Qhov no tsis muaj dab tsi ntau tshaj li kev dag ntxias thiab kev dag ntxias.

Lub SPF Performance index tiv thaiv kev raug rau luv luv UVB rays nkaus xwb. Tab sis dab tsi txog UVA rays? Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, dermatologists pom zoo xaiv ib tug dav-spectrum tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas yuav tiv thaiv koj los ntawm ob hom teeb meem rays ib zaug.

Raws li rau qib SPF, feem ntau cov kws kho mob dermatologists pom zoo tias qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog cov tshuaj pleev ib ce nrog SPF tiv thaiv qhov ntsuas ntawm 30. Yog tias koj mus rau hnub so haujlwm uas suav nrog kev nqhis dej ntau zaus, tom qab ntawd xyuam xim rau cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub tsis muaj dej. Cov khoom siv dej tsis zoo yuav tsum tiv thaiv koj cov tawv nqaij tsawg kawg 40 feeb hauv dej.

10. Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub?

Muaj ob hom tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub: lub cev thiab tshuaj. Cov yav tas los qhia txog cov hluav taws xob ultraviolet thaum lub sij hawm tom kawg absorbs UVB rays.

Cov khoom xyaw feem ntau hauv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub lub cev yog zinc oxide lossis titanium dioxide los pab tiv thaiv koj ntawm lub hnub. Lawv tsis nkag mus rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, tab sis tsim ib hom tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm nws, uas qhia txog cov hluav taws xob ultraviolet.

Tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub yog tsim los tsim thiab ua haujlwm zoo li lawv tau nqus rau hauv daim tawv nqaij. Lawv feem ntau suav nrog cov tshuaj xws li avobenzone thiab benzophenone.

Cov tshuaj pleev ib ce tiv taus dej thiab tsis tawm cov xim dawb ntawm lub cev, tsis zoo li cov khoom ntuj tsim. Kuj tseem muaj cov khoom lag luam uas sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub thiab lub cev.

11. Yuav ua li cas yog cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv cream?

Thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub muaj kev nyab xeeb kiag li, tab sis peb tsis paub ntau txog cov txiaj ntsig tom qab siv lawv.

Muaj qee qhov kev txhawj xeeb txog kev lom ntawm lawv cov khoom, xws li titanium dioxide lossis zinc oxide. Tab sis tseem tsis tau muaj qhov tseeb ntawm cov teeb meem no.

4-aminobenzoic acid muaj nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub tuaj yeem ua rau tawv nqaij khaus, nrog rau pob khaus thiab pob txuv.

Cov tshuaj octinoxate thiab oxybenzone xav tias cuam tshuam rau cov tshuaj hormonal. Txawm li cas los xij, zoo li parabens. Qhov no yuav cuam tshuam li cas rau tib neeg tseem tsis paub meej.

Parabens yog tshuaj preservatives muab tau los ntawm roj av thiab muaj nyob rau hauv ntau cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, nrog rau cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub. Feem ntau ntawm lawv yog methylparaben, butylparaben thiab propylparaben. Raws li kev tshawb fawb, lawv muaj kev nyab xeeb rau cov tib neeg hauv cov koob tshuaj me me, tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem hais meej meej tias lawv yuav tsis ua mob rau kev noj qab haus huv thaum lawv khaws cov nyiaj tsim nyog.

Kev tshawb fawb tseeb ntawm txhua qhov teeb meem ntsig txog cov tshuaj muaj nyob hauv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub tseem tsis tau ua tiav.

12. Cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub puas txaus ntshai?

Qhov kev txhawj xeeb tseem ceeb ntawm no yog kev siv tsis raug. Qhov phom sij tseem ceeb yog cov tshuaj tsuag tuaj yeem nqus tau lossis nqos tau.

Nws kuj yog ib qho zoo heev rau cov tshuaj tsuag tsuag ze ze ntawm cov nplaim taws. Yog li ntawd, yuav tsum ceev faj thiab siv cov kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb thaum siv cov khoom tiv thaiv hnub ci tshwj xeeb no.

13. Yuav siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub zoo li cas?

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nyeem cov lus qhia, uas yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv lub thawv. Yog tias tsis yog, ntawm no yog qee cov lus pom zoo thoob ntiaj teb:

• Siv cov nplaum nplaum rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij qhuav 15-20 feeb ua ntej tawm mus.
• Siv cov tshuaj nplaum rau qhov chaw ntawm daim tawv nqaij (lub ntsej muag, pob ntseg, tes, daim di ncauj).
• Rov ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txhua ob teev thiab rov ua dua tom qab txhua da dej.
• Tsis txhob cia tus neeg sawv cev tiv thaiv thiab siv rau hauv ib txheej tuab (rau cov neeg laus, koj xav tau ntawm xib teg ntawm koj txhais tes).
• Tsis txhob siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub tas sij hawm.
• Yog tias koj muaj kev fab tshuaj, nco ntsoov xyuas nrog koj tus kws kho mob ua ntej yuav khoom tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub.

14. Kuv puas tuaj yeem siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm kuv nraub qaum?

Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tau tiag tiag yog tias koj hloov tau yooj yim heev. Yog tias tsis yog, lawv tau ntev tuaj nrog ntau yam khoom siv uas yuav ua rau koj lub neej yooj yim dua.

Tshwj xeeb spatulas, ntxhua khaub ncaws, chais - nrog rau lawv cov kev pab, txhua centimeter ntawm koj lub cev yuav tau txais ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas xav tau. Los ntawm txoj kev, tag nrho cov gizmos tsis yog li nyuaj ua, txawm nyob rau hauv.

15. Cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub tuaj yeem khaws cia ntev npaum li cas?

Hnub tas sij hawm ntawm cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub yog qhia rau ntawm lub ntim. Raws li txoj cai, nws tsis pub tshaj peb xyoos nrog kev khaws cia kom zoo. Yog hais tias lub qab zib tau los rau hauv tshav ntuj ncaj qha los yog khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw sov, nws yog qhov zoo dua tsis txhob siv nws, vim tias tag nrho cov khoom xyaw nquag yuav ua tsis muaj txiaj ntsig.

16. Yuav ua li cas yog kuv ntxub tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub?

Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev pheej yig dua thiab kev nyab xeeb dua los tiv thaiv tshav ntuj dua li siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog tiv thaiv tshav ntuj. Yog hais tias ib tug neeg ntshai tsam raug tshuaj lom, ces lwm txoj kev tiv thaiv yuav siv tau, vim hais tias qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog qhov tshwm sim.

Eleni Linos kws kho mob dermatologist

Hnav cov kaus mom dav dav, tsho ntev, looj tsom iav dub - tiv thaiv txhua yam tawv nqaij los ntawm lub hnub. Muaj lwm txoj hauv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv - tsuas yog tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm txoj kev ntawm lub sijhawm thaum hluav taws xob ultraviolet yog qhov teeb meem tshwj xeeb (los ntawm 11 txog 15 teev).