Yuav ua li cas kawm code rau tus me nyuam los yog tub hluas: cov lus qhia thiab cov kev pab cuam rau cov tub ntxhais hluas programmers

2024 Tus sau: Malcolm Clapton | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:58

Ua ntej, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab txog qhov nyiam ntawm tus tsim tawm yav tom ntej - cov kauj ruam ntxiv nyob ntawm lawv.

Peb yuav qhia koj kom paub qhov twg yuav pib kawm, xaiv cov phau ntawv kawm thiab dab tsi yuav pab koj kom tsis txhob poob siab.

Txiav txim siab lub hom phiaj

Ua ntej nrhiav kev qhia nrog nqe lus "Programming for Kids", nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov niam txiv kom paub seb lawv tus menyuam xav ua dab tsi. Feem ntau, cov menyuam yaus npau suav ntawm kev tsim kev ua si, tab sis muaj cov hluas uas yog cov kiv cua ntawm qhov chaw txias, neeg hlau lossis Google cov kev pabcuam.

Cov lus programming xav tau raug xaiv nyob ntawm lub hom phiaj. Ntawm ntau txhiab lub npe, kwv yees li 50 tseem nyob hauv qhov kev thov niaj hnub no, qee hom lus raug tsim los rau cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb, lwm tus yog universal. Piv txwv li, Swift yog siv los tsim cov ntawv thov iOS, thaum ob qho kev ua si thiab kev txawj ntse tsim hauv Python.

Txhawm rau sau cov lus pom zoo, kuv tau xam phaj 70 tus kws qhia ntawv ntawm peb lub tsev kawm ntawv - kawm tiav ntawm cov tsev kawm txuj ci thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov tuam txhab thoob ntiaj teb. Qhov nrov tshaj plaws, ntau yam thiab yooj yim kawm yog Python thiab JavaScript. Ua tsaug rau yav dhau los, Ntiaj Teb Lub Tank thiab YouTube tau hloov kho, thiab tom kawg tau muab peb Netflix thiab Om Nom los ntawm Hlais Hlau. Nws yuav tsis yog qhov yuam kev yog tias tus tub ntxhais hluas lub siab xav txiav txim siab kawm Java, C lossis C ++, txawm li cas los xij, lawv xav tau ntau dua rau cov tub ntxhais kawm thiab nyuaj rau kev kawm. Kuv pom zoo kom pib lawv tom qab tau txais kev paub yooj yim hauv hom lus intuitive.

Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 11 xyoos feem ntau raug txhawb kom pib coding nrog Scratch. Kev sib tham sib cuam tshuam thiab yooj yim ntawm kev kawm yog tsim los ua kom txaus siab rau tus menyuam hauv lub ntiaj teb ntawm kev ua haujlwm, thiab tsis hloov nws mus rau hauv ib tus kws tshaj lij. Tsuas yog tej yaam num yooj yim yog tsim los ntawm Scratch - me me ua si thiab animation. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yog qhov pib zoo rau tom qab ntawd mus rau kev paub txog Python thiab JavaScript.

Kawm Askiv

Yog tias ib tug hluas nyob hauv YouTube lossis Twitch thiab khov hauv Dota 2, feem ntau nws yuav muaj kev nkag siab yooj yim ntawm lus Askiv. Kev sib txuas lus nrog cov neeg ua si txawv teb chaws hauv Is Taws Nem thiab saib cov yeeb yaj kiab los ntawm cov neeg siv txawv teb chaws txhawb koj kom kawm cov lus muaj zog dua li tsib hauv phau ntawv teev npe. Tsis txhob xav tsis thoob: Kev ua si hauv online yog qhov zoo ntxiv rau koj cov lus Askiv hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Cov niam txiv tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ib pliag los muab lawv tus menyuam mus kawm ntawv, kev pabcuam lus, lossis phau ntawv kawm zoo.

Tsis paub hom lus yog qhov teeb meem loj rau kev kawm programming. Cov lus Askiv thiab cov ntawv luv yog siv rau hauv cov cai, thiab ntau cov kev pabcuam muaj txiaj ntsig, kev qhia thiab kev qhia video tsis tau txhais ua lus Lavxias.

Hmoov zoo, kev paub lus Askiv yooj yim txaus. Cov qauv sau ntawv thiab cov lej cim hauv kev sau ntawv yog tus kheej, yog li qhov tseem ceeb yog kom nkag siab lub ntsiab lus dav dav thaum nyeem ntawv. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, kev paub lus Askiv yuav pab kom tau txoj haujlwm hauv lub tuam txhab thoob ntiaj teb.

Nrhiav tus cob qhia

Nkag siab txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus programming tsis yooj yim dua li kev paub lus Askiv yooj yim. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi yooj yim dua rau cov tub ntxhais kawm - computer science lossis ntawv nyeem.

Nws yog lwm qhov teeb meem los ua ib tus kws tshaj lij puv ntoob.

Xav txog hnub nyoog, kev nyiam ua thiab kev kawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv, kev kawm ywj pheej ntawm algorithms thiab cov cuab yeej tsis yog ib txoj haujlwm yooj yim, txawm tias yog ib tug tub hluas uas muaj siab nyiam.

Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws yog ua ib daim ntawv teev cov peev txheej rau kev kawm tus kheej thiab vam tias koj tus tub hluas yuav ua tau zoo. Qhov tseeb, feem ntau yuav bookmark qhov txuas thiab tsis nco qab txog lawv. Hmoov tsis, qhov txwv tsis pub muaj cov ntsiab lus pub dawb ua rau tib neeg ncua sijhawm: txhua yam uas muaj txiaj ntsig thiab pub dawb yog muab tso rau tom qab. Raws li kev txheeb cais, tsuas yog 3-5% ntawm qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov kev kawm online loj heev ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm cov kev kawm qhib online kawm tiav los ntawm lawv.

Lwm qhov tseem ceeb - thaum kawm, cov lus nug tas li tshwm sim: vim li cas cov cai muab qhov yuam kev, phau ntawv twg los xaiv, yuav kawm dab tsi ntxiv. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv loj heev ntawm lub vev xaib, tus menyuam tuaj yeem tsis meej pem.

Cov tsev kawm ntawv ntiav thiab cov kws qhia ntawv tuaj cawm. Ob qho kev xaiv yuav muab cov tub ntxhais kawm qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws: kev xav txog kev kawm thiab kev txhawb nqa kev cob qhia. Cov tsev kawm ntawv ntiav kim dua tab sis muaj cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj, kev sib koom tes ua haujlwm, thiab ntau yam kev pabcuam. Cov niam txiv tuaj yeem nrhiav tau tus kws qhia ntawv ntiag tug: cov chav kawm nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm lub tsev kawm txuj ci lossis cov neeg ua haujlwm Junior-programmer yuav pom tau tias nrawm nrawm ntawm kev kawm. Tus kws qhia ntawv yuav dhau los ua tus taw qhia, taw qhia qhov yog hauv kev tshawb nrhiav kev paub. Thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, tus me nyuam yuav tsis poob siab mus kawm ntxiv.

Siv cov peev txheej pab tau

Koj tsis tas yuav kim thiab "hnyav" cov kev pab cuam los pib sau cov lej. Qee tus neeg tsim khoom siv Sublime Text. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim sau ntawv editor nrog kev txhawb nqa rau ntau plugins. Nws muaj ib tug dawb version. Tom qab ntawd, tus menyuam yuav tuaj yeem xaiv lub cuab yeej rau nws tus kheej, muaj ntau yam analogues: los ntawm Notepad ++ thiab Visual Studio Code mus rau tus qauv Notepad.

Peb kuj tseem yuav pom zoo cov phau ntawv, cov channel thiab cov chav kawm, qhov zoo uas tau raug txheeb xyuas los ntawm tus kheej kev paub dhau los.

Cov ntawv qhia

Ua ntej yuav cov phau ntawv, xyuam xim rau hnub tso tawm. Txawm hais tias muaj qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov ntsiab lus yooj yim, cov lus programming tau hloov kho tas li. Xaiv cov phau ntawv tshiab thiab ua raws li cov lus tam sim no hauv Is Taws Nem - ntawm cov chaw tshwj xeeb lossis los ntawm kev ntaus ntawv thov rau hauv lub tshuab tshawb nrhiav.

1. "Scratch 3 rau cov tub ntxhais hluas programmers", Denis Golikov

Nws yooj yim dua rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 12 xyoos los pib coding nrog Scratch. Golikov phau ntawv muaj yeeb yuj thiab meej yog ib qho kev qhia zoo heev rau kev tsim thawj qhov kev ua si thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab.

2. “HTML and CSS. Kev Tsim Kho Lub Vev Xaib thiab Tsim ", John Duquette

Nws yooj yim dua los pib nrog HTML thiab CSS ntawm txoj kev mus rau programming rau ib tug hluas. Txawm hais tias qhov tseeb tias cov no tsis yog cov lus programming, kev kawm markup yuav pab koj nkag siab txog cov qauv ntawm cov chaw thiab ua kom yooj yim rau tus tswv Python thiab JavaScript yav tom ntej. John Duckett's tutorial yog sau nrog cov piv txwv meej thiab cov duab ua tau zoo.

3. “Python rau menyuam yaus. Ib qho kev qhia ntawm programming, Jason Briggs

Ib tug zoo illustrated tutorial nrog cov tswv yim ce. Ntau lub tsev kawm ntawv thiab cov kws qhia ntawv ntiag tug ua haujlwm raws li txoj haujlwm Briggs.

4. "Kev Kawm JavaScript Programming" los ntawm Eric Freeman, Elizabeth Robson

Nws qhov kev nthuav qhia yooj yim thiab cov qauv meej tau muab phau ntawv no tso rau ntawm lub txee ntawm ntau tus programmers. Cia tus me nyuam tsis txhob ntshai los ntawm qhov ntim zoo nkauj (600 nplooj ntawv!). Phau ntawv tau ntim nrog cov duab, piv txwv thiab cov duab, thiab cov ntsiab lus npog txhua yam koj xav tau los pib nrog JavaScript kev txhim kho.

Cov vev xaib

1. Code.org

Cov chav kawm sib tham pub dawb hauv browser. Qhov no yog ib txoj haujlwm pub dawb nrog Code Break heading, uas muaj cov lus qhia me me, ua haujlwm thiab cov kev sib tw rau cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm txhua lub hnub nyoog thiab qib kev paub.

2.freeCodeCamp

Ntau tshaj 6,000 chav kawm pub dawb. Hmoov tsis zoo, qhov kev pabcuam tsuas ua haujlwm ua lus Askiv xwb.

3. Tsim nrog Python

Lub tsev qiv ntawv dawb ntawm Al Sveigart. Muaj cov lus qhia ntawm cov hauv paus ntawm Python thiab Scratch, kev ua si ua si, thiab kev qhia ua yeeb yaj kiab. Cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob rau hauv lus Askiv, tab sis qee cov phau ntawv tau muab txhais ua lus Lavxias, lawv tuaj yeem nrhiav tau los ntawm lub tshuab tshawb nrhiav.

4. CodeCombat

Cov chav kawm sib tham sib tsom rau Python thiab JavaScript, nrog rau cov hauv paus ntawm computer science. Gamification ua rau kev kawm yooj yim thiab lom zem.

Cov chav kawm

1. YouTube channel Senddex

Tshaj 1,000 cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm Python kev txhim kho, suav nrog kev tsim cov phiaj xwm tiag tiag.

2. Programming hauv Python los ntawm Bioinformatics Institute

Cov chav kawm pub dawb ntawm Stepik platform ntawm cov hauv paus ntawm cov lus Python. Muaj 28 zaj lus qhia nrog cov haujlwm ua tau zoo los ntawm cov kws qhia muaj zog.

3. JavaScript - lub hauv paus thiab kev ua haujlwm

Chav kawm los ntawm Yandex tus tsim tawm ntawm Coursera. Cov lus qhia meej thiab yooj yim ntawm cov lus JavaScript. Kev sib koom tes thiab xyaum yuav pab cov pib tsim lawv thawj cov kev pab cuam thiab cov tsev qiv ntawv. Hoob no yog tsim los rau 5 lub lis piam nrog kev nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv video tas li.

Raws li qhov xaus, peb muab cov ntawv txheeb xyuas uas yuav pab koj pib kawm:

1. Nrhiav seb tus me nyuam xav li cas. Programming encompasses ntau qhov chaw, los ntawm tsim kev ua si mus rau tsim robots.
2. Pib los ntawm lub hom phiaj, xaiv hom lus programming. Rau cov tub ntxhais hluas, peb pom zoo pib nrog Python thiab JavaScript. Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 11 xyoos tuaj yeem sim lawv txhais tes ntawm Scratch, thiab tom qab ntawd tsiv mus rau "cov neeg laus" hom lus.
3. Ua ke nrog kev kawm programming, txhim kho koj cov lus Askiv. Nws tsis yog qhov tsim nyog los ua ib tus neeg paub lus nrog kev paub tshwj xeeb, tab sis kev nkag siab cov ntawv hauv cov phau ntawv thiab cov lus qhuab qhia ua lus txawv teb chaws yuav ua rau kev kawm sai.
4. Xaiv ib lub tsev kawm ntawv ntiav lossis tus kws qhia ntawv. Tus kws cob qhia yuav qhia rau cov tub ntxhais hluas programmer ntawm cov phau ntawv uas tsim nyog, taw qhia qhov yuam kev thiab pab lawv kom tau txais kev paub ntawm lawv tus kheej yam tsis muaj kev txhawb siab.
5. Xaiv cov ntaub ntawv tshiab. Nyob twj ywm rau qhov hloov tshiab rau cov ntawv thiab cov lus programming.
6. Koom nrog zej zog. Kev kawm ua pab pawg yog qhov yooj yim dua thiab lom zem dua li ua haujlwm ntawm lub rooj. Tus menyuam yuav muaj kev txhawb siab ntau dua los ntawm kev sib qhia cov txiaj ntsig nrog cov phooj ywg.